Peritonitis due to <i>Acremonium strictum</i> in a Patient on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Fatal disseminated Acremonium strictum infection in a preterm newborn: a very rare cause of neonatal septicaemia

“…Disseminated infections caused by Acremonium species have rarely been described in the literature; in a review by Guarro et al (1997), there were 36 reported cases, excluding mycetoma and ocular infections. Disseminated Acremonium infections, including endocarditis, gastritis, fungaemia, meningitis, diffuse cerebritis and invasive pulmonary disease, have been reported in patients with predisposing conditions such as Addison's disease, neutropenia, immune suppression, burns, organ transplantation and intravenous drug abuse (Fincher et al, 1991;Lau et al, 1995;Fridkin & Jarvis, 1996;Schell & Perfect, 1996;Guarro et al, 1997;Koç et al, 1998;Anadolu et al, 2001). However, in the neonatal period, only one case has been reported in English literature (Papadatos et al, 1969).…”

“…Optimal treatment of Acremonium species infections is not well-defined, due to the limited number of reported cases and conflicting results obtained in different studies (Fincher et al, 1991;Lau et al, 1995;Guarro et al, 1997;Koç et al, 1998;Anadolu et al, 2001). In a review (Guarro et al, 1997), the authors used a microdilution broth method to compare the in vitro susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations of amphotericin B, miconazole, itraconazole, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole and ketoconazole for several isolates of Acremonium species.…”

“…There was general resistance to most antifungals, excluding amphotericin B and ketoconazole (Guarro et al, 1997). Therefore, amphotericin B therapy, in combination with ketoconazole or another new azole or allylamine, is advocated (Fincher et al, 1991;Lau et al, 1995;Guarro et al, 1997;Koç et al, 1998;Anadolu et al, 2001;Nedret Koç et al, 2002). Despite this treatment regimen, there are still reports of clinical failure that results in death (Fincher et al, 1991;Jeffrey et al, 1993;Lau et al, 1995;Schell & Perfect, 1996).…”

Case Report. Acremonium falciforme fungemia in a patient with acute leukaemia

“…Optimal treatment of Acremonium infections is not well‐defined. In some reports, amphotericin B was recommended in invasive infection [3, 6]. Certain azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole) were also considered to be effective [7, 8, 10].…”

“…Certain azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole) were also considered to be effective [7, 8, 10]. In other reports, clinical failure of treatment with these drugs was observed [3, 4]. In A. falciforme infections observed in children with acute leukaemia, amphotericin B should be used at a high dose regimen.…”