Peristaltically induced flow of nanomaterial through uniform porous space and gravitational aspects

Abstract

Magneto peristaltic flows of nanofluids play a key role in magnetic drug transport systems. Therefore, peristalsis of a nanofluid through a uniform porous medium under the influence of a uniform magnetic force is studied here.Ohmic heating and Hall aspects are incorporated in the analysis. Three distinct types of nanoparticles (ie, silver, alumina, and copper) have been used for theoretical analysis. A large wavelength and a small Reynolds number scheme are adopted in mathematical modeling. The dimensionless nonlinear system is solved using the well-known perturbation method, and physical analysis is done via graphs. A comparison of different nanoparticles is also presented. It is noticed that an increase in the Hall effects nullifies the variations, which are due to an increment in the Hartman number. The temperature of the nanofluid can be reduced by increasing the permeability of the porous medium. K E Y W O R D SHall effects, magnetohydrodynamics, nanofluids, porous medium | INTRODUCTIONThe analysis of nanofluids has attracted the attention of researchers from all over the world over the past decade. Nanofluids are prepared by suspending nanometer-sized metallic particles in conventional heat transfer fluids. This novel technique has been developed by Choi. 1 The idea of a nanofluid originated when conventional fluids were proving to be less helpful for usage in different mechanical processes because of their lesser thermal conductivity. To amplify the use of conventional fluids, their thermal conductivity is improved via the use of metals, as metals (like gold, silver, and copper) naturally have higher thermal conductivities. Carbides, metal oxides, metals, and carbon nanotubes are commonly used as nanoparticles. Their size varies in the range from 1 to 100 nm. The base fluids are oil, ethylene glycol, and water. Nanofluids have an ability to magnify the thermophysical aspects include thermal diffusively, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and convective heat transport coefficients. Such properties are the chief reason behind the diverse applications of nanofluids in domestic and industrial cooling, automobile and IT industry, modern drug delivery systems, nuclear reactors, microscale fluidic applications, extraction of geothermal power, cryopreservatives, and optics and nanocryosurgery. Such wide applications of nanofluids have persuaded motivated researchers from all over the globe to investigate different aspects of nanofluids. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Peristalsis is an involuntary series of muscle contractions and relaxation that takes place within the body of living beings to move biological fluids (eg, chyme, blood vessels, bile, urine, male, and reproductive cells) towards different processing units. Earthworms employ a similar treatment to drive their locomotion. Subject to its utility, the principle of peristalsis is being implemented by engineers in designing many industrial appliances, for example, peristaltic pumps. Such pumps are particularly useful in driving sensitive/corrosive and reactive ...

Zero‐mass flux and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux through a Prandtl non‐Newtonian nanofluid in Darcy–Forchheimer porous space

“…Some recent trends on this category can be determined from other studies. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] The literature on Prandtl fluid clearly demonstrates that much less attention has been devoted to exploit the mechanism of the Prandtl non-Newtonian fluid model. Considering all such aspects of the Prandtl fluid model, here our goal is to demonstrate the mathematical model of Darcy-Forchheimer Prandtl non-Newtonian nanofluid flow generated due to moving surface.…”

“…Later on, different theories on the mechanism of nanoparticles are presented under various circumstances. Some recent trends on this category can be determined from other studies 27‐36 …”