Perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices of the macaque monkey: Cortical afferents

Abstract

Neuropsychological studies have recently demonstrated that the macaque monkey perirhinal (areas 35 and 36) and parahippocampal (areas TH and TF) cortices contribute importantly to normal memory function. Unfortunately, neuroanatomical information concerning the cytoarchitectonic organization and extrinsic connectivity of these cortical regions is meager. We investigated the organization of cortical inputs to the macaque monkey perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices by placing discrete injections of the retrograde tracers fast blue, diamidino yellow, and wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase throughout these areas. We found that the macaque monkey perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices receive different complements of cortical inputs. The major cortical inputs to the perirhinal cortex arise from the unimodal visual areas TE and rostral TEO and from area TF of the parahippocampal cortex. The perirhinal cortex also receives projections from the dysgranular and granular subdivisions of the insular cortex and from area 13 of the orbitofrontal cortex. In contrast, area TF of the parahippocampal cortex receives its strongest input from more caudal visual areas V4, TEO, and caudal TE, as well as prominent inputs from polymodal association cortices, including the retrosplenial cortex and the dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus. Area TF also receives projections from areas 7a and LIP of the posterior parietal lobe, insular cortex, and areas 46, 13, 45, and 9 of the frontal lobe. As with area TF, area TH receives substantial projections from the retrosplenial cortex as well as moderate projections from the dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus; unlike area TF, area TH receives almost no innervation from areas TE and TEO. It does, however, receive relatively strong inputs from auditory association areas on the convexity of the superior temporal gyrus.

Pathways for emotion: interactions of prefrontal and anterior temporal pathways in the amygdala of the rhesus monkey

“…Herzog and Van Hoesen, 1976;Amaral and Price, 1984;Price et al, 1987;Morecraft et al, 1992;Barbas, 1993;Suzuki and Amaral, 1994;Stefanacci et al, 1996;Rempel-Clower and Barbas, 2000;Barbas et al, 1999;Cavada et al, 2000). We compared the relationship of connection zones of anterior temporal cortices in the amygdala with the prefrontal, using two approaches.…”

Does lateral parietal cortex support episodic memory?

“…Given the clear correspondence between the neuroimaging and human lesion data concerning episodic and autobiographical memory, and the strong anatomical connections with medial temporal (Insausti et al, 1987;Insausti & Munoz, 2001;Kobayashi & Amaral, 2003;Morris et al, 1999a;Morris et al, 1999b;Suzuki & Amaral, 1994;Van Hoesen & Pandya, 1975) and dorsolateral prefrontal areas (Goldman-Rakic et al, 1984;Morris et al, 1999a;Petrides & Pandya, 1999;Kobayashi & Amaral, 2003) as well as the anterior and lateroposterior nuclei of the thalamus (Morris et al, 1999a), there is relatively little controversy that the medial parietal and caudomedial limbic areas are involved in episodic and autobiographical memory. For this reason, we will not discuss the medial regions further, and will focus on the lateral parietal region.…”

The Neural-Cognitive Basis of the Jamesian Stream of Thought

“…per se, but on underlying cortices in the parahippocampal region (Murray & Mishkin, 1998;Suzuki et al, 1993), with the perirhinal cortex specialized for encoding object representations (Buckley & Gaffan, 1998), the parahippocampal cortex specialized for spatial representations (Epstein & Kanwisher, 1998;Suzuki & Amaral, 1994), and the entorhinal cortex acting to combine input from these two regions to form representations of objects within locations (Suzuki, Miller, & Desimone, 1997).…”