Periprocedural Stroke and Cardiac Catheterization

Characterization of Neurological Injury in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

“…This is particularly pronounced in patients with severe AS and with longer duration of catheterization. 33,34 Intuitively, the larger caliber and stiffer catheters used in TAVI result in comparatively worse disruption and, therefore, increased embolic load. 35 Furthermore, repeated attempts to cross the often friable calcified valve, a higher degree of manipulation of the aortic valve annulus, longer procedural duration, and the forces of valve deployment and balloon pre/postdilation all potentially worsen this disruption.…”

Silent Cerebral Infarcts in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism and a Patent Foramen Ovale

“…[3][4][5][6] Experimental and clinical studies have shown that diffusionweighted MRI allows sensitive and early detection of cerebral ischemia within minutes of onset, allowing unsuspected cerebral infarcts to be detected in different clinical settings. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Clinically unapparent cerebral damage has never been assessed in a consecutive series of patients with pulmonary embolism. We aimed to prospectively assess the apparent neurological complication rate compared with the clinically silent embolism rate on cerebral diffusion-weighted MRI whether or not the patient had a PFO in patients hospitalized for a pulmonary embolism.…”

Transradial approach in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease: a 2-center experience

“…All cardiac catheterization procedures may give rise to microemboli, consisting of benign microbubbles and atheromatous materials from the aortic wall. In addition, it is important to note that the posterior circulation nourishing the functionally crucial territory of the brain might be more compromised by the TRA as the vertebral artery originates from the subclavian artery (24).…”