Peripheral NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors contribute to nociceptive behaviors in the rat formalin test

Davidson, Elyad; Coggeshall, Richard E.; Carlton, Susan M.

doi:10.1097/00001756-199703030-00025

Cited by 193 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…17 Besides, experimental studies point out that peripherally administered NMDA receptor antagonists are implicated with antinociception. 24 In our study, the maximum occurrence of POST was 51.4% at two hrs in Controls. Occurrence of POST was reduced significantly at four hours in study group compared to Controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Efficacy of Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Postoperative Sore Throat

Sharma¹,

Vaidya

Chand

2015

J Lumbini Med Coll

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:Introduction: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complication of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation that affects the patient satisfaction after surgery. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of ketamine gargle with placebo in preventing POST after endotracheal intubation. Methods: Sixty eight patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups, 33 in study group and 35 in control group. Study group patients were asked to gargle with ketamine (50 mg in 1 ml mixed with 29 ml of drinking water) 10 minutes before induction for 30 seconds. Controls were made to do so with 30 ml of drinking water. POST was graded at one, two, four, and 24 hrs after operation on a four-point scale (0-3). The outcome measures were compared between two groups in terms of occurrence of POST and severity of POST at one, two, four, and 24 hr to determine the efficacy of ketamine. Results: Occurrence of POST was significantly less in study group at four hours. Severity of POST was significantly low in study group at one, two and four hours as compared to that in controls. It was comparable at 24 hours. Conclusion: Ketamine gargle significantly reduced the occurrence and severity of POST.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Efficacy of Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Postoperative Sore Throat

Sharma¹,

Vaidya

Chand

2015

J Lumbini Med Coll

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Loperamide-induced inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels (Church et al 1994;Hagiwara et al 2003;Reynolds et al 1984) and NMDA receptors (Church et al 1994) present both in CNS and in sensory fibers (Carlton et al 1995;Coggeshall and Carlton 1998;Davidson et al 1997;Kinkelin et al 2000) is broadly consistent with its analgesic properties, considering the well-documented efficacy of selective antagonists of voltage-gated calcium channels and NMDA receptors in treating inflammatory and neuropathic pain symptoms (Chizh and Headley 2005;McGivern 2006). Our finding of loperamide-induced inhibition of HCN channels is also consistent with HCN channels involvement in the pathophysiology of pain (Chaplan et al 2003;Hutcheon and Yarom 2000;Pape 1996;Yao et al 2003).…”

Section: Physiological Significance Of Loperamide-induced I H Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Inhibition of I_h by Analgesic Loperamide in Rat DRG Neurons

Vasilyev

Qin²,

Lu³

et al. 2007

Journal of Neurophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are responsible for the functional hyperpolarization-activated current (I h ) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, playing an important role in pain processing. We found that the known analgesic loperamide inhibited I h channels in rat DRG neurons. Loperamide blocked I h in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC 50 ϭ 4.9 Ϯ 0.6 and 11.0 Ϯ 0.5 M for large-and small-diameter neurons, respectively. Loperamideinduced I h inhibition was unrelated to the activation of opioid receptors and was reversible, voltage-dependent, use-independent, and was associated with a negative shift of V 1/2 for I h steady-state activation. Loperamide block of I h was voltage-dependent, gradually decreasing at more hyperpolarized membrane voltages from 89% at -60 mV to 4% at -120 mV in the presence of 3.7 M loperamide. The voltage sensitivity of block can be explained by a loperamide-induced shift in the steady-state activation of I h . Inclusion of 10 M loperamide into the recording pipette did not affect I h voltage for half-maximal activation, activation kinetics, and the peak current amplitude, whereas concurrent application of equimolar external loperamide produced a rapid, reversible I h inhibition. The observed loperamideinduced I h inhibition was not caused by the activation of peripheral opioid receptors because the broad-spectrum opioid receptor antagonist naloxone did not reverse I h inhibition. Therefore we suggest that loperamide inhibits I h by direct binding to the extracellular region of the channel. Because I h channels are involved in pain processing, loperamide-induced inhibition of I h channels could provide an additional molecular mechanism for its analgesic action.

show abstract

“…[25][26][27] Peripheral injection of NMDA receptor antagonist attenuates pain associated with neuropathic or inflammatory origin. [28][29][30][31][32] Thus, the involvements of NMDA receptors are expected in the peripheral processing of nociception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate Mesobuthus tamulus venominduced vasosensory reflex responses in anesthetized rats

Singh¹,

Deshpande²

2017

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The autonomic changes and cardiorespiratory changes seen in vascular disorders are suggested to be mediated reflexly by the activation of perivascular nociceptors. The role of prostaglandins, vanilloid receptor 1, 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3, and kinin receptors is well established. Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to understand the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in modulating vasosensory reflex responses evoked by Mesobuthus tumulus venom. Materials and Methods: Healthy male albino rats were anesthetized with an intra-peritoneal injection of urethane (1.5 g/kg). Tracheostomy was performed to keep the airway patent. Femoral artery was cannulated proximally as well as distally to record the blood pressure (BP) and to inject the chemicals, respectively. The effect of venom on BP, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate, and minute ventilation was recorded for 60 min at every 5 min and presented as mean ± standard error of mean. Results: Intra-arterial injection of venom produced immediate hyperventilatory response (increase of 41.6%), followed by hypoventilatory response (decrease of 40.1%), and finally sustained hyperventilatory response (increase of 53%) which was observed up to 60 min. The hypertensive response started at 40 s, peaking at 5 min (increase of 48%), and remained above the initial level subsequently. The bradycardiac response began around 5 min, peaking at 25 min (decrease of 50% in HR), and remained at that level up to 60 min. In 2-amino 5-phosphonovaleric acid (NMDA receptor antagonist) pre-treated group, the venom-induced cardiovascular responses (mean arterial pressure and HR) were markedly attenuated in comparisons to the venom only group but not the respiratory responses. Conclusions: The data provide evidence for the involvement of NMDA receptors in producing the venom-induced vasosensory reflex responses modulating the cardiovascular parameters in anesthetized rats.

show abstract

Peripheral NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors contribute to nociceptive behaviors in the rat formalin test

Cited by 193 publications

References 14 publications

Efficacy of Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Postoperative Sore Throat

Efficacy of Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Postoperative Sore Throat

Direct Inhibition of I_h by Analgesic Loperamide in Rat DRG Neurons

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate Mesobuthus tamulus venominduced vasosensory reflex responses in anesthetized rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Peripheral NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors contribute to nociceptive behaviors in the rat formalin test

Cited by 193 publications

References 14 publications

Efficacy of Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Postoperative Sore Throat

Efficacy of Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Postoperative Sore Throat

Direct Inhibition of Ih by Analgesic Loperamide in Rat DRG Neurons

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate Mesobuthus tamulus venominduced vasosensory reflex responses in anesthetized rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Direct Inhibition of I_h by Analgesic Loperamide in Rat DRG Neurons