Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Subadult Golden Eagle (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>)

Wernick, Morena B.; Dennler, Matthias; Beckmann, Katrin; Schybli, Martina; Albini, Sarah; Hoop, Richard; Steffen, Frank; Kircher, Patrick R.; Hatt, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1647/2012-036r.1

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging has been proven to be useful to assess chronic sinonasal diseases in psittacine birds, diagnose hydrocephalus in African grey parrots, and has been shown to be superior to radiography in evaluating spinal cord trauma in three bald eagles . Magnetic resonance imaging has been used to diagnose a peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a subadult eagle and peripheral vestibular disease in a Chinese goose . Recently, a pilot study has demonstrated the usefulness of MRI in the detection of brain lesions caused by severe lead poisoning in bald eagles .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear in birds of prey

Stańczyk

Gallego

Nowak

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Despite the increasing interest in the clinical neurology of birds, little is known about the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of the avian central nervous system, eye, and inner ear. The objective of this cadaveric study was to document the MRI anatomic features of the aforementioned structures using a high-resolution 3.0 Tesla MRI system. The final study group consisted of 13 cadavers of the diurnal birds of prey belonging to six species. Images were acquired in sagittal, dorsal, and transverse planes using T1-weighted and T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequences. A necropsy with macroscopic analysis of the brain and spinal cord was performed on all cadavers. Microscopic examination of the brain was performed on one cadaver of each species; the spinal cord was examined in three subjects. Anatomic structures were identified on the magnetic resonance images based on histologic slices and available literature. Very good resolution of anatomic detail was obtained. The olfactory bulbs; cerebral hemispheres; diencephalon; optic lobe; cerebellum; pons; ventricular system; optic, trigeminal, and facial nerves; pineal and pituitary glands; as well as the semicircular canals of the inner ear were identified. Exquisite detail was achieved on the ocular structures. In the spinal cord, the gray and white matter differentiation and the glycogen body were identified. This study establishes normal MRI anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear of the birds of prey; and may be used as a reference in the assessment of neurologic disorders or visual impairment in this group of birds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear in birds of prey

Stańczyk

Gallego

Nowak

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…55 The toucan presented with a soft tissue mass adhered to the pectoral musculature, 55 while the eagle presented with tetraplegia due to the tumor impinging on a spinal nerve root. 54 The lovebird with the peripheral nerve sheath tumor in our study presented with a soft tissue mass on one wing and associated wing droop, but the bird remained in good body condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The incidence of mesenchymal tissue neoplasms is variable with species, but they are reportedly the second most common type of neoplasm in cats and the third most frequently identified tumor in dogs. 52 In birds, there are numerous reports of these tumors affecting the integument, 2,53 connective tissues, 54,55 reproductive tract, 2,3,6,7,46 cardiorespiratory system, 3,46,[56][57][58] gastrointestinal tract, 7,59 kidney, 60 and musculoskeletal system. 2,[61][62][63][64] In this study, the reproductive tract and the integument were the most frequently identified anatomical locations of mesenchymal cell tumors in budgerigars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of the Clinical, Cytological, and Histopathological Features Associated with Neoplasms in Captive Avian Species in Melbourne, Australia

Sutherland,

Luk,

Courtman

et al. 2023

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery

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Over a 3.5-year period, tissue samples from 141 companion and aviary birds with clinically suspected, naturally occurring solid neoplasms were collected via surgical biopsy (n = 53) or at necropsy examination (n = 88) from a population of birds presenting to an avian veterinary clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Neoplastic processes were identified in 73.7% (n = 104) of samples, with 83.7% (n = 87) being interpreted as malignant neoplasia and 16.3% (n = 17) being interpreted as benign neoplasia. The overall estimated prevalence of neoplasia in the study population (n = 5125) was 2.45% (95% confidence interval, 2–2.97%). The gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts were the most commonly affected systems. The most common presenting signs were nonspecific and included lethargy, coelomic distension, and inappetence. In 59 cases, fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) and impression smears were also obtained and evaluated cytologically. The accuracy of cytology for detecting neoplasia in birds and for determining whether a neoplastic process was benign or malignant was assessed by using histopathology as the “gold standard.” There was complete agreement between the cytological and histopathological diagnoses in 72.8% (43/59) of cases. Cytology correctly identified 87.5% of these cases (35/40) as malignant neoplasms and 55.6% (5/9) as benign processes. There was no significant difference between the use of cytology and histopathology for the detection of malignant neoplasia in birds (P = 0.185). The accuracies of FNAs and impression smears for examining avian tumors were also compared. Overall, the best cell preservation was obtained by performing impression smears from tissues, with 62.2% (n = 28) returning high cellularity for cytological examination, compared to 53.8% (n = 14) when samples were obtained by FNA. This study provides an overview of the types and prevalence of neoplasms in a captive bird population from Australia, correlates physical examination findings with tumor types, and provides evidence that cytology is a reliable preliminary diagnostic tool for detecting neoplasia in birds.

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“…Several publications of CT and MRI anatomy in avian species exist. However, those are mainly focused on sinonasal cavities, eyes, head/brain, respiratory tract or spine (de Francisco et al, 2016; Delk et al, 2014; Fleming et al, 2003; Gumpenberger & Henninger, 2001; Gumpenberger & Kolm, 2006; Jones et al, 2019; Krautwald‐Junghanns et al, 1998; Krautwald‐Junghanns et al, 1993; Petnehazy et al, 2012; Pye et al, 2000; Romagnano et al, 1996; Schwarz et al, 2016; Stauber et al, 2007; Verhoye et al, 1998; Wernick et al, 2014) and rarely in the coelomic cavity (Orosz & Toal, 1992; Petnehazy et al, 2012; Romagnano et al, 1996). In the present study, the CT and MRI anatomy of the coelomic cavity in Pekin ducks was provided and corresponding frozen cadaver section photos were provided for CT images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the coelomic cavity in market‐age commercial Pekin Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)

Abraham

Wakamatsu

Lossie

et al. 2023

Anat Histol Embryol

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Approximately 27 million ducks are raised commercially in the US each year and Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) are the most commonly raised breed. Additionally, an increasing number of Americans are raising small flocks of poultry, which often include ducks, in their own backyards. This creates a need to better understand the imaging anatomy of ducks. However, in avian species, superimposition of organs limits evaluation of the coelomic cavity using the most common imaging modality, radiography. The use of cross‐sectional imaging including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has increased in veterinary medicine research and clinical use. An anatomic atlas is essential for guiding research and diagnostic imaging. To date, no CT or MRI atlas exists for Pekin ducks. The purpose of the study is to generate a CT atlas of market‐age Pekin ducks as well as CT attenuation values and measurements of coelomic organs with corresponding gross and MRI images. A total of 20 market‐age, commercial Pekin ducks were imaged. Five male and five female ducks were imaged with CT; four of these ten ducks, two male and two female, were frozen and sliced in approximately 5 mm transverse sections for gross anatomic reference images. Six additional ducks, three male and three female ducks, were dissected to measure major organs. Four additional ducks were imaged using CT and MRI and necropsied for gross anatomical comparisons and landmarks. The atlas contained here may be used for future research projects and clinically to aid in diagnosis of disease in ducks.

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Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Subadult Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear in birds of prey

3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear in birds of prey

Survey of the Clinical, Cytological, and Histopathological Features Associated with Neoplasms in Captive Avian Species in Melbourne, Australia

Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the coelomic cavity in market‐age commercial Pekin Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)

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