Peripheral Effector Mechanism of Galvanic Skin Reflex

Takagi, Kentaro; Nakayama, Teruo

doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.9.1

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Patients with abnormal PI also exhibited an increased number of negative fluctuations of the first derivative of skin potential, both spontaneously and during orthostatic position. Since negative fluctuations of the skin potential are known to depend upon sudomotor activation [18,19], the results obtained support the existence of a larger sym pathetic respose in patients with abnormally high PI scores. Our results are thus compatible with the view that a hyperstimulation of the sympathetic nervous system correlates with increased psychopathology in patients with affective disorders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…At a normal ambient temperature, palmar skin is 20-40 mV more negative than other skin regions, and after stimulation, an initial negative response is found, followed by a longer-duration positive response [16][17][18], Whilst the origin of this latter component is not well defined, the initial negative deflection has been attributed to sudomotor activation [18,19], Spontaneous or evoked skin potential fluctuations de pend on the integrity of cutaneous innervation and are abolished by dissection of the corresponding peripheral nerve, by sympathectomy, or by iontophoresis with atro pine [16,17,20,21], Conversely, electrical stimulation of the distal end of dissected peripheral cutaneous nerves or postganglionic sympathetic efferent fibers evoked skin potential responses in glabrous skin [17,18,21], Electrodermal activity has been thus taken as a reflection of changes in the sympathetic outflow to the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between Skin Potential Response and Psychopathology in Patients with Affective Disorders

Guinjoan

Rey²,

Cardinali³

1995

Neuropsychobiology

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The correlation between the degree of psychopathology (assessed by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, MMPI) and sympathetic function (assessed by the skin potential response to somatosensory stimuli) was evaluated in 209 patients with affective disorders. A number of skin potential parameters (skin potential levels, negative fluctuations of first derivative of skin potential, negative areas in phase plane analysis, differences between last and initial average potentials and between the last average potential for the preceding stimulus and initial average potentials for a given stimulus) were correlated with the psychopathology index, calculated as the average of clinically relevant MMPI scales. Categorical classification of patients having or not having abnormally high psychopathology index scores also supported the differences in skin potential response between both groups of patients. The results further indicate the existence of a correlation between severity of mood disorders and increased sympathetic reactivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Skin Potential Response and Psychopathology in Patients with Affective Disorders

Guinjoan

Rey²,

Cardinali³

1995

Neuropsychobiology

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“…The source of the positive component is not fully established [140,155,198]. Negative potentials with the same latency as the SSR, without any positive component, have been recorded with microelectrodes placed in the lumen of individual sweat glands during peripheral nerve stimulation or intra-arterial injection of metacholine [155,167]. This supports the conjecture that the sweat glands generate the SSR negative component.…”

Section: Recording the Ssr: Methods And Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The source of the negative component of SSR is the sweat gland itself [155,167] and depends directly on its neuronal innervation [173]. The source of the positive component is not fully established [140,155,198].…”

Section: Recording the Ssr: Methods And Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic skin response

et al. 2003

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Sympathetic skin response (SSR), defined as the momentary change of the electrical potential of the skin, may be spontaneous or reflexively evoked by a variety of internal or by externally applied arousal stimuli. Although the suprasegmental structures influencing the SSR in humans are not well known, SSR has been proposed as a non-invasive approach to investigate the function of the sympathetic system. SSR is easy to apply but current procedures are not sufficiently reliable for diagnostic purposes, and show imperfect correlations both with clinical features and other measurements of autonomic, in particular, sudomotor dysfunction.

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“…The relation between vasomotor and sudomotor fibres and a possible contribution of vascular peripheral changes in skin response have been previously described [26,32].…”

Section: Neuropathic Alcoholic Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperhidrosis and sympathetic skin response in chronic alcoholic patients

Tugnoli

Eleopra

Grandis

1999

Clinical Autonomic Research

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Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis is frequently observed in patients with a clinical history of chronic abnormal alcoholic intake. It can be related to peripheral or central mechanisms such as abnormal spontaneous activity in peripheral damaged fibres; receptor hypersensitivity; compensatory incremented activity in segmentary anhidrosis; or impairment of central sweat control. With the aim of quantifying this phenomenon and of identifying its possible origin, sympathetic skin response (SSR) analysis was performed in 20 chronic alcoholic patients with clinical diffuse acral hyperhidrosis, compared with 30 normal subjects and 2 patients affected by primary palmoplantar hyperhidrosis (PPH). SSRs were recorded by disc electrodes place on the hands and feet, simultaneously. At the hand level two recording sites were selected: palm-dorsum proximally and ventral-dorsal tip of the third finger distally. Attention was paid to the number of SSR after a single endogenous or exogenous stimulus. The alcoholic patients were divided into two groups, with and without mild polyneuropathy. Both patient groups showed synchronous SSR at recording sites, with the same pattern and the normal delay between upper and lower arms. In the control group one response was generally related to a single stimulus; if more responses were elicited an evident adaptation was shown; in the two groups of patients an increase of the waves was observed in all the recording sites without any adaptation. The SSR profile described in alcoholic patients was observed also in PPH. The pattern of SSR waves in alcoholic patients seems to suggest a possible central origin of this type of hyperhidrosis.

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Peripheral Effector Mechanism of Galvanic Skin Reflex

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Correlation between Skin Potential Response and Psychopathology in Patients with Affective Disorders

Correlation between Skin Potential Response and Psychopathology in Patients with Affective Disorders

Sympathetic skin response

Hyperhidrosis and sympathetic skin response in chronic alcoholic patients

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