Peripheral blood mammaglobin gene expression for diagnosis and prediction of metastasis in breast cancer patients

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the value of peripheral blood mammaglobin (MG) gene expression for diagnosis and prediction of metastasis in breast cancer patients. Methods: MG expression was detected by nested reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction in the peripheral blood of 46 females (32 breast cancer, 12 benign breast lesions, 2 no breast abnormalities). In total 28 breast cancer patients were followed up through a period of 34 months for the development of metastasis. Results: MG expression was detected in 16/32 (50%) breast cancer patients but not in patients with benign lesions or healthy participants. Five patients had metastasis at diagnosis. During the 34 months of follow up, five more MG‐positive patients showed metastatic lesions and none of the MG negative patients who were followed up developed metastasis. Conclusion: The study suggests blood MG expression is a specific molecular marker for detection of occult mammary carcinoma cells of patients with operable breast cancer. It might be of value as a predictor of subsequent metastasis. Large‐scale studies and longer follow‐up periods are needed.

Mammaglobin 1 promotes breast cancer malignancy and confers sensitivity to anticancer drugs

“…Given our current findings, we strongly believe that the disparate clinical observations are also due to a lack of consideration to phenotypic transitioning programs (EMT–MET) supporting successful metastasis. For example, elevated levels of MGB1 in primary tumors samples have been correlated to good prognosis while studies examining MGB1 expression in secondary tumors or peripheral blood associate MGB1 to poor disease outcome . The spatial and temporal expression of MGB1 would thus be important to scrutinize within the evolution of disease progression.…”

“…On the other hand, others report that MGB1 expression is associated with poor prognostic outcome. The latter studies have demonstrated that elevated MGB1 levels in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients is associated with larger tumor size, higher Ki67 index and greater risk of developing metastasis [14][15][16].…”

Cancer Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy for Early Detection of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

“…Patients with all grades (1-3) were included in 51 articles. In 3 articles, grades 2 and 3 were included, 68,96,140 and 1 article included only grade 3 patients 120 (Table 4).…”

“…In contrast, 26 articles reported sensitivity and specificity figures greater than 70% for combined biomarkers in the form of panels 27,29,30,61,76,77,81,82,87,90,93,94,97,98,101,104,106,111-114,118,123,124,132,147 leaving only 6 panels with figures lower than 70%. 61,76,93,114,124,132 Finally, 27 articles reported AUC and P values, 26,62,63,67,71,72,78,83,84,88,102,110,116,120,122,125,127,130,133,135,137,139,140,142,143,145,146 and of these, AUC was lower than 0.7 67,133,1...…”

Anti-hMAM Monoclonal Antibodies Evaluated in Breast and Non-Breast Tissues for Differential Diagnosis Implication

“…Human mammaglobin (hMAM) protein, belonging to a family of epithelial secretory proteins, consists of 93 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 10.5 kD. Researchers considered that the hMAM may be a useful biological marker for screening (2), diagnosis (3), prognosis (4, 5), and prediction of subsequent metastasis (6) and treatment (7) of breast cancer.…”