Peripheral Audition of Children on the Autistic Spectrum

Gravel, Judith S.; Dunn, Michelle; Lee, Wei Wei; Ellis, Martha

doi:10.1097/01.aud.0000215979.65645.22

Cited by 72 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Evaluation of evoked otoacoustic emissions in children with autism revealed atypical asymmetry in the medial olivocochlear system, as well as a decrease in otoacoustic emissions with age (within children and adolescents), which was not seen in the control children (Khalfa et al 2001). In contrast, Gravel et al (2006) showed no behavioral differences in the peripheral auditory system in high-functioning children with autism. Tharpe et al (2006) evaluated both peripheral audiometry and brainstem function in children with autism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Audio–vocal system regulation in children with autism spectrum disorders

2008

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Do children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) respond similarly to perturbations in auditory feedback as typically developing (TD) children? Presentation of pitch-shifted voice auditory feedback to vocalizing participants reveals a close coupling between the processing of auditory feedback and vocal motor control. This paradigm was used to test the hypothesis that abnormalities in the audio-vocal system would negatively impact ASD compensatory responses to perturbed auditory feedback. Voice fundamental frequency (F 0 ) was measured while children produced an /a/ sound into a microphone. The voice signal was fed back to the subjects in real time through headphones. During production, the feedback was pitch shifted (-100 cents, 200 ms) at random intervals for 80 trials. Averaged voice F 0 responses to pitch-shifted stimuli were calculated and correlated with both mental and language abilities as tested via standardized tests. A subset of children with ASD produced larger responses to perturbed auditory feedback than TD children, while the other children with ASD produced significantly lower response magnitudes. Furthermore, robust relationships between language ability, response magnitude and time of peak magnitude were identified. Because auditory feedback helps to stabilize voice F 0 (a major acoustic cue of prosody) and individuals with ASD have problems with prosody, this study identified potential mechanisms of dysfunction in the audio-vocal system for voice pitch regulation in some children with ASD. Objectively quantifying this deficit may inform both the assessment of a subgroup of ASD children with prosody deficits, as well as remediation strategies that incorporate pitch training.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Audio–vocal system regulation in children with autism spectrum disorders

2008

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“…The prevalence of auditory abnormalities in autism has been reported to be ranging from 16% to 100% [10]. Participants with autism in this sample manifested a significantly higher rate of auditory abnormalities than children with developmental language delay.…”

Section: Rate Of Auditory Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Rogers et al using parent questionnaires found that toddlers with autism had more deficits in tactile sensitivity, auditory filtering, and taste/smell sensitivity as measured by the Short Sensory Profile [9] than those with other developmental delays [5]. It was also described that children with autism showed a preference for proximal stimuli including touch, smell and taste as opposed to the distal aspects such as auditory and vision [10,11]. Abnormal sensory behaviors have been recently proposed for inclusion among diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder in the upcoming Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, version 5 (DSM-V) [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory abnormalities in children with autism

Tan¹,

Chen²,

Jiang³

et al. 2012

OJPsych

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The present study aimed to describe the characteristics of auditory abnormalities present in cases of autism. One hundred and fifty six children with autism and 141 matched controls with language delay were investigated via direct observations combined with parent/caregiver reports. All of the autistic individuals demonstrated auditory abnormalities especially in the domain of hyposensitivity, compared with 33.3% of children with language delay. The auditory abnormalities in autism primarily comprised of auditory hyposensitivity, auditory hypersensitivity, phonophobia, and peculiar interests in certain sounds. Participants with autism were rated as having more problems than the language-delayed children in all the items of each domain. No significant differences in the range of auditory abnormalities were observed between mild and severe autistic children except for the presence of phonophobia. Children with autism presented with diverse auditory abnormalities which may be specific features in autism and may play an important role in the early identification of autism.

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“…Therefore, examining the hearing status of children with suspected autism is extremely important and a usual part of the prediagnosis process. In addition to delayed development of spoken language, auditory abnormalities and unusual responses to auditory stimuli have been reported in autism [5][6][7] . Indeed, the existence of unusual sensorial responses is considered a trait that accompanies autism [2,8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have investigated whether auditory intolerance in autism stems from peripheral auditory mechanisms but have not found any conclusive evidence that confirms the existence of a physiological entity explaining this intolerance [6,12,15] . These studies, which includ-ed behavioral, audiometry, and computer-assisted threshold assessments of acoustic reflexes and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), found no difference between the peripheral function of children with autism and that of typically developing children that could be associated with auditory sensitivity [6,12,15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otoacoustic Emissions in Young Children with Autism

et al. 2017

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OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to investigate otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) in young children with autism compared with those in an agematched control group. MATERIALS and METHODS:Thirty-eight children with autism aged 3-6 years and 27 typically developing (normally developing) control subjects participated in this study. All the participants had normal hearing and middle-ear function. Auditory brainstem responses were used to determine the hearing status in the autism group. Transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in the two groups. RESULTS:The TEOAE response level was higher in the autism group. Analysis of the DPOAE response showed that the mean emission levels at 1.5, 2 , 3, and 6 kHz and signal/noise ratios at 2, 4, 6, and 8 kHz were higher in the autism group (p<0.05). The greatest between-group differences were observed in the DPOAE signal levels at 2, 3, and 6 kHz (p=0.000). No statistically significant difference was found between the noise levels in the autism and control groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION:The emission responses in the autism group were higher than those in the control group. The increase in DPOAEs at high frequencies may be related to the higher outer cell activation in the autism group. Further studies with larger sample sizes comprising younger children are needed to confirm the result and investigate the possible association between the increased OAEs and auditory sensitivity reported in autism.

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Peripheral Audition of Children on the Autistic Spectrum

Abstract: There was no evidence of intrinsic differences in the peripheral auditory mechanism of children with autism that would account for the auditory processing disorders and sound sensitivity that are commonly reported in this population.

Cited by 72 publications

References 35 publications

Audio–vocal system regulation in children with autism spectrum disorders

Audio–vocal system regulation in children with autism spectrum disorders

Auditory abnormalities in children with autism

Otoacoustic Emissions in Young Children with Autism

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