Peripheral arterial disease screening and diagnostic practice: A scoping review

Donohue, Cornelius M.; Adler, Joe; Bolton, Laura

doi:10.1111/iwj.13223

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…After highlighting some of the design features of the developed system, the results of the experiments performed to validate the system at the medical level are discussed. For this purpose, the results obtained are compared with those of the traditional clinical procedure, which has been established as the gold standard for the diagnosis of PAD [6]. The results of the 22 patients who participated in the experiment are detailed in Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a New Ankle Brachial Index Measurement System Using Pulse Wave Velocity

Romero-Ante,

Chicharro-Luna,

Manrique-Córdoba

et al. 2024

Biosensors

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common circulatory disorder characterized by the accumulation of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in the arteries that restrict blood flow to the extremities, especially the legs. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a highly reliable and valid non-invasive test for diagnosing PAD. However, the traditional method has limitations. These include the time required, the need for Doppler equipment, the training of clinical staff, and patient discomfort. PWV refers to the speed at which an arterial pressure wave propagates along the arteries, and this speed is conditioned by arterial elasticity and stiffness. To address these limitations, we have developed a system that uses electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals to calculate pulse wave velocity (PWV). We propose determining the ABI based on this calculation. Validation was performed on 22 diabetic patients, and the results demonstrate the accuracy of the system, maintaining a margin of ±0.1 compared with the traditional method. This confirms the correlation between PWV and ABI and positions this technique as a promising alternative to overcome some of the limitations of the conventional method.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Key indicators include a weakened pulse or evidence of impaired wound healing. For accurate diagnosis of PAD, ankle brachial index (ABI) testing has been shown to be a highly reliable and valid assessment, especially when performed using Doppler ultrasound [6]. The ABI is a widely used non-invasive clinical test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a New Ankle Brachial Index Measurement System Using Pulse Wave Velocity

Romero-Ante,

Chicharro-Luna,

Manrique-Córdoba

et al. 2024

Biosensors

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“…However, affected patients have to be detected. A crucial element for reaching out to patients with PAD is screening 111 in the community. An appropriate step in this scheme is to find the most vulnerable subgroup of patients at risk of late detection of PAD.…”

Section: Impact Of Sdohs On Patients With Padmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of socio-economic determinants of health in the care of patients with peripheral artery disease: A narrative review from VAS

et al. 2023

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Socio-economic determinants of health (SDoH) include various nonmedical factors in the socio-economic sphere with a potentially significant impact on health outcomes. Their effects manifest through several mediators/moderators (behavioral characteristics, physical environment, psychosocial circumstances, access to care, and biological factors). Various critical covariates (age, gender/sex, race/ethnicity, culture/acculturation, and disability status) also interact. Analyzing the effects of these factors is challenging due to their enormous complexity. Although the significance of SDoH for cardiovascular diseases is well documented, research regarding their impact on peripheral artery disease (PAD) occurrence and care is less well documented. This narrative review explores to what extent SDoH are multifaceted in PAD and how they are associated with its occurrence and care. Additionally, methodological issues that may hamper this effort are addressed. Finally, the most important question, whether this association may contribute to reasonable interventions aimed at SDoH, is analyzed. This endeavor requires attention to the social context, a whole systems approach, multilevel-thinking, and a broader alliance that reaches out to more stakeholders outside the medical sphere. More research is needed to justify the power in this concept to improve PAD-related outcomes like lower-extremity amputations. At the present time, some evidence, reasonable consideration, and intuitive reasoning support the implementation of various interventions in SDoH in this field.

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“…ABI values of 0.41–0.90 indicate mild to moderate PAD, and values less than 0.40 indicate severe PAD. 21 However, as identified in a recent systematic review, the reliability of ABI for the diagnosis of PAD remains uncertain. 22 Several inflammatory and genetic biomarkers have also been used for screening of PAD; however, these biomarkers have several disadvantages, such as being invasive, expensive, time consuming, and associated with complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of noninvasive ocular imaging as a biomarker in peripheral artery disease (PAD): A systematic review

Prem Senthil,

Kurban,

Thuy Nguyen

et al. 2023

Vasc Med

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This study aimed to review the current literature exploring the utility of noninvasive ocular imaging for the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Our search was conducted in early April 2022 and included the databases Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and others. Five articles were included in the final review. Of the five studies that used ocular imaging in PAD, two studies used retinal color fundus photography, one used optical coherence tomography (OCT), and two used optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to assess the ocular changes in PAD. PAD was associated with both structural and functional changes in the retina. Structural alterations around the optic disc and temporal retinal vascular arcades were seen in color fundus photography of patients with PAD compared to healthy individuals. The presence of retinal hemorrhages, exudates, and microaneurysms in color fundus photography was associated with an increased future risk of PAD, especially the severe form of the disease. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) was significantly thinner in the nasal quadrant in patients with PAD compared to age-matched healthy individuals in OCT. Similarly, the choroidal thickness in the subfoveal region was significantly thinner in patients with PAD compared to controls. Patients with PAD also had a significant reduction in the retinal and choroidal circulation in OCTA compared to healthy controls. As PAD causes thinning and ischemic changes in retinal vessels, examination of the retinal vessels using retinal imaging techniques can provide useful information about early microvascular damage in PAD. Ocular imaging could potentially serve as a biomarker for PAD.

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Peripheral arterial disease screening and diagnostic practice: A scoping review

Cited by 14 publications

References 109 publications

Validation of a New Ankle Brachial Index Measurement System Using Pulse Wave Velocity

Validation of a New Ankle Brachial Index Measurement System Using Pulse Wave Velocity

The importance of socio-economic determinants of health in the care of patients with peripheral artery disease: A narrative review from VAS

Role of noninvasive ocular imaging as a biomarker in peripheral artery disease (PAD): A systematic review

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