Periparturient Endocrine and Metabolic Changes in Healthy Cows and in Cows Affected by Mastitis

Nikolić, Jasmina B.; Kulcsár, Margit; Kátai, László; Nedić, Olgica; Jánosi, Szilárd; Huszenicza, G.

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0442.2003.00500.x

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Increased peripheral leukocytes and decreased PBMCs seen after calving are attributable to physiological stress, which induces leukocytosis in cows within the first postpartal week [2]. The cows with mastitis showed prolonged increases in plasma cortisol, indicating increased stress hormone during the 2 days after calving [12,20]. Corticosteroids can inhibit translocation of transcription factor, and induce variable immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Ohtsuka

Koiwa

Fukuda

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To clarify the cellular immune system in dairy cows with inflammatory diseases after calving, the leukocyte subsets were examined in Holstein dairy cows. Twenty Holstein cows reared in one herd, were used in this study. Nine cows (Group 1) experie nced onset of mastitis or puerperal fever within 2 weeks after calving, and the other eleven cows remained healthy (Group 2) after calving. The numbers of CD3 + , CD4 + and CD8 + cells tended to be lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 from the day of calving through week 1. These results suggested that the cows with inflammatory diseases might have experienced a decline in T cells by the day of calving, before the onset of disease. KEY WORDS: calving, dairy cow, leukocyte subset, periparturient inflammatory disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Ohtsuka

Koiwa

Fukuda

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…# 7249, Reanal RT, Budapest, Hungary; intra-and interassay CVs ≤ 6.2% and ≤ 7.8%, respectively). Plasma insulin was assayed with a commercial 125 I-RIA kit ( 125 I-Insulin RIA CT kit; CIS Bio International Ltd, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France) developed for human and validated Nikolic et al, 2003) for bovine and ovine samples (sensitivity: 3.85 pmol/l, intra-and interassay CVs: 5.5-8.4% and ≤ 8.8%, respectively). T 4 and T 3 were determined by 125 I-T 4 -Spec and 125 I-T 3 coated tube RIA kits (Institute of Isotopes Co., Ltd. Budapest, Hungary) previously developed for animal or human samples and both validated for bovine and ovine plasma .…”

Section: Laboratory Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships of growth hormone AluI polymorphism, insulinresistance, milk production and reproductive performance in Holstein-Friesian cos

et al. 2008

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Healthy multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows (n = 22, parity: 2-4) from a large-scale dairy herd in Hungary were subjected to an intravenous glucose tolerance test 10-15 days after calving. AluI genotype of growth hormone, several plasma metabolites and metabolic hormones were determined, and current and previous lactation yields were recorded. We also used the Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (RQUICKI) and its modified version (RQUICKI BHB ) for the estimation of peripheral insulin sensitivity. The majority of cows (n = 18) was leucine homozygous (LL), four were heterozygous (LV) and there were no valine homozygous (VV) animals in the population. Current average milk production was not different between AluI genotypes, but LV cows tended to have higher 305-day previous lactation yields (P = 0.13). AluI polymorphism was not associated with any of the calculated glucose and leptin parameters of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (P > 0.58). Heterozygous cows were prone to higher basal insulin levels (P = 0.064), longer time to reach half of the maximal and basal insulin concentrations (P = 0.035 and P = 0.054, respectively) and larger insulin area under the curve (P = 0.032). Both RQUICKI and RQUICKI BHB estimated decreased insulin sensitivity in LV compared to LL cows (P = 0.055 and P = 0.044, respectively). Higher plasma NEFA and BHB levels accounted for slower glucose disappearance and lower insulin release and insulin clearance rate (P < 0.05). Average yield was inversely related to glucose area under the curve (P = 0.040) and time to reach baseline concentration (P = 0.005). Plasma cortisol lowered glucose clearance rate (P = 0.040) and prolonged time to reach basal levels (P = 0.006). More weight loss was associated with higher glucose peak and prolonged glucose disappearance time (P = 0.055 and P = 0.024, respectively). All cows became cyclic and showed signs of estrus during the study period. There were no differences between leucine homozygous and heterozygous animals in the onset of ovarian activity and in the time of first observed estrus (P > 0.540). We conclude that Holstein-Friesian cows heterozygous for AluI polymorphism of the growth hormone gene may be more likely to develop insulin resistance during early lactation than leucine homozygous cows. Decreased insulin sensitivity could be part of a homeorhetic adaptation process that supports nutrient partioning for the use of the mammary gland and may allow LV cows to reach higher yields throughout lactation.

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“…The stressed animals can be frequently in a negative energy balance, characterised by hypoglycaemia. Such hypoglycaemic conditions can commonly occur in dairy cows in the periparturient period (Karsai and Gaal 1987;Nikolic et al 2003), or in animals undergoing surgical treatment, including omentopexy or ceasarian section, since their pre-treatment feed intake is usually reduced and they are frequently suffering from varying degrees of ketosis (Stöber and Scholz 1991). Therefore, it was decided to design an experiment to investigate whether different presurgical blood glucose levels are related to the course of cortisol and metabolic responses to surgical stress in dairy cows.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Response in Dairy Cows Related to Different Blood Glucose

Mudroň¹,

Rehage²,

Sallmann³

et al. 2005

Acta Vet. Brno

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MudroÀ P., J. Rehage, H. P. Sallmann, M. Höltershinken, H. Scholz: Stress Response in Dairy Cows Related to Blood Glucose. Acta Vet. Brno 2005, 74: 37-42.The aim of this study was to investigate whether different pre-surgical blood glucose concentrations have any effect on the course of cortisol and metabolic responses to surgical stress in dairy cows. Eighteen Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, admitted for treatment of left abomasal displacement (omentopexy), were used in the study. Abdominal surgery (the stressor) was performed in the standing position 16 -24 h after admission and lasted approximately 60 min. Blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein prior to surgery, immediately after and then 2, 5, 24, and 72 h after surgery. In order to test the effect of the different blood glucose levels on stress responses the experimental animals were allocated to two groups: 1) six hypoglycaemic cows (glucose < 2.4 mmol/l); 2) twelve normoglycaemic cows. Surgery increased blood glucose in both groups (p < 0.001), however, the glucose rise was less distinct in the hypoglycaemic cows. The surgical stress resulted in a significant increase in plasma cortisol concentrations in both groups (p < 0.001), however there was no difference in cortisol responses between the groups. Similarly, surgery enhanced the blood concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) and L (+)-lactate in both groups (p < 0.001). In contrast, β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations slightly declined after surgery. On the basis of this study there appears not to be any effect of different plasma glucose on the cortisol and metabolite responses in stressed dairy cows. Therefore, it can be concluded that mechanisms regulating peripheral cortisol concentrations, and thus the animal stress response, are more dependent on the intensity of the stressful stimulus than on the energetic status of animal.

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Periparturient Endocrine and Metabolic Changes in Healthy Cows and in Cows Affected by Mastitis

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Interrelationships of growth hormone AluI polymorphism, insulinresistance, milk production and reproductive performance in Holstein-Friesian cos

Stress Response in Dairy Cows Related to Different Blood Glucose

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