Peripapillary Choroidal Vascularity Index in Glaucoma—A Comparison Between Spectral-Domain OCT and OCT Angiography

Abstract

Eyes with MvD_P had significantly lower CVIs than did those without MvD_P. Furthermore, CVI reduction was spatially correlated with MvD_P. Further studies investigating the influence of MvD_P on the choroidal vasculature outside βPPA are warranted.

Characteristics of Focal Gamma Zone Parapapillary Atrophy

“…3,5,7,8,12,13 Clinical disc margin was defined as an innermost clinically visible hyperreflective border on both the infrared fundus images and OCT. Both βPPA and γPPA were required to have a temporal width ≥100 μm on at least one radial OCT scan image, as measured by the built-in caliper of Spectralis OCT. 3,5,7,12 According to the circumferential extent of the γPPA, the subjects were divided into three groups: (1) eyes without γPPA (no γPPA group) ( Fig. 1A), (2) eyes with γPPA involving the fovea-BM-opening axis with minimum width at the fovea-BM-opening axis of ≥100 μm (conventional γPPA group; Fig.…”

Peripapillary Choroidal Vascularity Index and Microstructure of Parapapillary Atrophy

“…All of the participants underwent an ophthalmic examination, including measurement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement with the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging system (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), axial length (AXL) measurement by IOL Master (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA), dilated fundus examination, simultaneous color and red-free fundus photography (TRC-NW8; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan), standard automated perimetry (SAP) (Humphrey Field Analyzer; 30-2 Swedish interactive threshold algorithm; Carl Zeiss Meditec), SD-OCT, and OCT-A (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). 20,21 The SAP and all of the imaging tests were performed within a 6-month period. 21 Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPs) were measured at the height of the heart using an automatic BP monitor (Model Easy X 800 [R/L]; JAWON Medical Co. Ltd., Kyungsan, Korea).…”

“…22 An optic disc hemorrhage (DH) was defined as an isolated flame-shaped or splinter hemorrhage on the optic nerve head (ONH) based on regular optic disc examinations or standardized review of fundus photographs performed approximately every 6 months. 20,21 The inclusion criteria were visible bPPA of a temporal width ‡ 100 lm on fundus photographs of at least one radial scan measured by the built-in caliper of SD-OCT, and BCVA ‡ 20/ 40. 22 The exclusion criteria were a history of ocular surgery (except for uneventful cataract or glaucoma surgery), intraocular diseases other than glaucoma (e.g., diabetic retinopathy or nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy), or systemic diseases (e.g., stroke or pituitary tumor) that could influence the study results, and unreliable visual field (VF) or poor-quality imaging tests.…”

“…22 POAG was defined as the presence of open angles on gonioscopy, and glaucomatous optic nerve damage (i.e., focal thinning, notching, localized or diffuse atrophy of the retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL]), and compatible repeated VF defect. 20 A glaucomatous VF defect was defined as a VF outside the normal limits on the glaucoma hemifield test or a pattern standard deviation outside 95% normal limits as confirmed on two consecutive, reliable ( 33% fixation losses and false negatives, 15% false positives) tests. 22 If both eyes of a subject were eligible for the study, one of the eyes was selected randomly.…”

“…Recently, in vivo quantification of the choroidal vasculature by image binarization of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was introduced. [2][3][4][5][17][18][19][20] Particularly, our recent study found that SD-OCT-derived choroidal vascularity index (CVI) measured outside the bPPA was reduced in eyes with OCT angiography (OCT-A)-derived parapapillary deeplayer microvasculature damage within the bPPA. 20 Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship between parapapillary choroidal vascularity measured by image binarization of SD-OCT and the microstructure of bPPA.…”