Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness in Former Preterm and Full-Term Infants Aged From 4 to 10 Years

Fieß, Achim; Christian, Luka; Kölb-Keerl, Ruth; Knuf, Markus; Kirchhof, Bernd; Muether, Philipp S.; Bauer, Jacqueline

doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20128

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Furthermore, CCT is negatively associated with body height [46] and positively associated with body weight in men and with body mass index in all subjects [40]. These parameters are known to be-at least partially-influenced by LBW and LBW may to some extent explain those associations with altered corneal thickness [5,7,9] and ocular geometry [47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Birth Weight with Central and Peripheral Corneal Thickness in Adulthood—Results from the Population-Based German Gutenberg Health Study

et al. 2021

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Purpose: Low birth weight (BW) is associated with altered ocular geometry such as a steeper corneal shape in adulthood. However, it is unclear whether low birth weight affects corneal thickness development in the center or periphery in adulthood which may contribute to ocular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate corneal thickness in former low birth weight individuals in adulthood. Methods: The German Gutenberg Health Study is a prospective, population-based study in which every participant (age range 40–80 years) was measured with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). BW was collected by self-reports. The relationship between birth weight and corneal thickness at different locations were assessed. Linear regression models were carried out including uni- and multivariable analyses with adjustment for age, sex, mean corneal radius, and white-to-white distance. Main outcome measures were corneal thickness at the apex, at the pupil center, and at the corneal periphery. Results: Overall, 5657 participants were successfully measured (3019 females, aged 56.0 ± 10.3 years). In multivariable analyses a lower BW was associated with a thinner corneal thickness at the apex (B = 1.71 µm/500 g, p < 0.001) and at the pupil (B = 1.69 µm/500 g, p < 0.001). These effects diminished towards the corneal periphery resulting in no differences in the perilimbal regions. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that lower birth weight goes along with corneal thickness alterations even into adult ages of 40 to 80 years. Thinner measurements of the cornea were particularly found in the corneal center and diminished in the periphery. This indicates that there may be fetal origins affecting corneal thickness development particularly in the corneal center.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Birth Weight with Central and Peripheral Corneal Thickness in Adulthood—Results from the Population-Based German Gutenberg Health Study

et al. 2021

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“…Several efforts have been made to overcome the limitations of subfoveal CT measurements in isolation. In some studies, CT measurements at locations other than the macula or subfoveal CT have been attempted in various diseases ( 23 , 79 , 82 , 89 , 104 , 108 ). In others, CT was measured both at the macula and outside the macular region ( 26 , 32 , 77 , 81 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children have also been subjected to peripapillary CT measurements. Fieß et al ( 108 ) reported that premature birth itself does not affect peripapillary CT, however they found that infants born small for their gestational age had peripapillary choroidal thinning when compared to those infants born at the appropriate gestational age. Li et al ( 96 ) measured macular and parapapillary CT in children with diabetes and reported that inferior and nasal parapapillary CT were increased in children with type 1 diabetes and without retinopathy or visual impairment as compared to healthy controls.…”

Section: Choroidal Thickness Measurement Beyond the Maculamentioning

confidence: 98%

Choroidal Thickness Profile in Chorioretinal Diseases: Beyond the Macula

Kim

2021

Front. Med.

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Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) have emerged as essential diagnostic tools in the study and management of various chorioretinal diseases. Evidence from early clinical studies using EDI-OCT and SS-OCT indicates that choroidal dysfunction plays a major role in the pathogenesis of chorioretinal diseases. Measurement of choroidal thickness (CT) has already become a major research and clinical method, and CT is considered as an indicator of choroidal status in a variety of ophthalmic diseases. Recently, CT measurement has also been proposed as a non-invasive marker for the early detection and monitoring of various systemic diseases. Among the several possible CT measurement locations, subfoveal CT has rapidly become a reliable parameter for measuring CT in healthy and diseased eyes. Moreover, recent advancements in OCT technology have enabled faster and wider imaging of the posterior part of the eye, allowing the various changes in CT as measured outside the macula to be shown accordingly. In this review, we first provide an overview of the results of clinical studies that have analyzed the healthy macular choroid and that in various chorioretinal diseases, and then summarize the current understanding of the choroid outside the macula. We also examine the CT profile as an index that encompasses both within and outside of the macula. Furthermore, we describe the clinical applications of ultrawide OCT, which enables visualization of the far periphery, and discuss the prospects for the development of more reliable choroidal parameters that can better reflect the choroid's characteristics.

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“…The theory presented by Barker 6,23 first described low birth weight as an indicator of fetal origins for adult cardiovascular disease. Low birth weight leads to multiple morphologic changes of the eye during infancy and childhood, 8,[24][25][26] which may conceivably predispose these individuals to AMD. Our study observed a higher prevalence of AMD in low birth weight compared to normal birth weight individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Birth Weight Is Linked to Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Results From the Population-Based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS)

Fieß

Elbaz

Korb

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. This study analyzed whether low birth weight is linked to prevalence and incidence of age-related maculopathy (AMD) in adulthood. METHODS. The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based, observational cohort study in Germany. GHS participants at an age from 35 to 74 years were included. An ophthalmologic examination with fundus photography was carried out. Fundus photographs were graded according to the Rotterdam Grading Scheme for AMD at baseline and at the 5year follow-up examination. Participants were divided into three different birth weight groups (low: <2500 g; normal: 2500-4000 g; and high: >4000 g). Poisson regression analysis with adjustment for several confounders was used to assess associations between birth weight and AMD prevalence (overall, early, late AMD) and 5-year cumulative incidence. RESULTS. Overall, 6492 participants were included (3538 female, aged 50.7 6 10.4 years). Prevalence of total AMD was highest in the low birth weight group (11.2%; 40/358) compared to the normal birth weight group (6.5%; 346/5328) and the high birth weight group (8.4%; 68/806). Low birth weight was associated with overall AMD prevalence (prevalence ratio [PR] ¼ 1.54, P ¼ 0.006), and in particular with early AMD prevalence (PR ¼ 1.52; P ¼ 0.01). No association was observed between low birth weight and cumulative 5-year incidence of AMD. CONCLUSIONS. Our analyses indicate that low birth weight may lead to higher prevalence of retinal diseases in later life, as we observed for AMD. Our results are limited due to missing data and loss to follow-up, but may be a first hint that AMD has one of its origins in early life.

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Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness in Former Preterm and Full-Term Infants Aged From 4 to 10 Years

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Association of Birth Weight with Central and Peripheral Corneal Thickness in Adulthood—Results from the Population-Based German Gutenberg Health Study

Association of Birth Weight with Central and Peripheral Corneal Thickness in Adulthood—Results from the Population-Based German Gutenberg Health Study

Choroidal Thickness Profile in Chorioretinal Diseases: Beyond the Macula

Low Birth Weight Is Linked to Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Results From the Population-Based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS)

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