Periostin Promotes Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation following Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury

Abstract

Neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and differentiation are required to replace neurons damaged or lost after hypoxic-ischemic events and recover brain function. Periostin (POSTN), a novel matricellular protein, plays pivotal roles in the survival, migration, and regeneration of various cell types, but its function in NSCs of neonatal rodent brain is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of POSTN in NSCs following hypoxia-ischemia (HI). We found that POSTN mRNA levels significantly increased in differentiating NSCs. The proliferation and differentiation of NSCs in the hippocampus is compromised in POSTN knockout mice. Moreover, NSC proliferation and differentiation into neurons and astrocytes significantly increased in cultured NSCs treated with recombinant POSTN. Consistently, injection of POSTN into neonatal hypoxic-ischemic rat brains stimulated NSC proliferation and differentiation in the subventricular and subgranular zones after 7 and 14 days of brain injury. Lastly, POSTN treatment significantly improved the spatial learning deficits of rats subjected to HI. These results suggest that POSTN significantly enhances NSC proliferation and differentiation after HI, and provides new insights into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Longitudinal evaluation of serum periostin levels in patients after large-artery atherosclerotic stroke: A prospective observational study

“…Periostin promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the brain after ischaemic or haemorrhagic injury 19 , which may rescue neuronal loss and restore brain function 20 . An injection of periostin into the lateral ventricles of hypoxic-ischaemic rats was recently shown to significantly improve spatial learning and memory, indicating that periostin may reverse cognitive deficits after IS 19 . Thus, circulating periostin levels may be associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment rather than the disability.…”

“…Furthermore, studies have reported that the intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant periostin exerts a protective effect after IS 12 , 19 . Based on the consistent changes in periostin levels in the circulation and brain after IS, recombinant periostin may have therapeutic effects when administered via the circulation.…”

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/periostin mediated platelet-derived growth factor-induced cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production in lupus nephritis

“…18 Wallace et al's study on autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) presented that periostin was increased in cyst-lining epithelial cells and bound to alphaVbeta3 and alphaVbeta5 integrins, leading to integ-rin-linked kinase activation and cell proliferation compared with normal tubule cells. 19 Besides, other researchers also demonstrated the influence of periostin on cell proliferation in neural stem cells following hypoxia-ischemia, 20 keloid fibroblast, 21 and atrioventricular valve cushions cells. 22 The above data suggested that periostin was a multiple functional regulator on extracellular matrix metabolism and cell proliferation.…”

A Transcriptome Study of Progeroid Neurocutaneous Syndrome Reveals POSTN As a New Element in Proline Metabolic Disorder

“…POSTN is expressed not only during embryogenesis or pathogenesis [25, 26] (including neoplasia, tissue repair, and cardiac injury) but also in various organs, particularly fibroblast-rich connective tissues such as the skin or breast [27]. POSTN has pivotal functions in heart valvulogenesis [28-30], trabecular meshwork development [31], skin wound healing [32], brain and CNS development [33, 34], and skin aging [35]. However, the role of POSTN in neurocutaneous syndrome has never been described.…”