Perioperative Mortality and Long‐Term Survival in 80 Dogs and 32 Cats Undergoing Excision of Thymic Epithelial Tumors

Garneau, Mark S.; Price, Lori Lyn; Withrow, Stephen J.; Boston, Sarah E.; Ewing, Patty J.; McClaran, Janet Kovak; Liptak, Julius M.; Berg, John W.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12304.x

Cited by 18 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our earlier report on MG in cats documented a greater association of a cranial mediastinal mass in MG in cats compared with MG in dogs 3. The incidence of acquired MG in cats evaluated primarily for thymoma is between 4.7 and 6% of cases 21, 22. On the basis of the relatively common association of MG and thymoma as shown in our study, we recommend AChR antibody testing on all cats with confirmed or suspected thymoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

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Risk Factors and Outcomes in Cats with Acquired Myasthenia Gravis (2001–2012)

Hague

Humphries

Mitchell

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundAcquired myasthenia gravis (MG) in cats most commonly causes generalized weakness without megaesophagus and is more often associated with a cranial mediastinal mass, compared to dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo extend the clinical findings described in the report of 2000 on MG in cats (J Am Vet Med Assoc 215:55–57).AnimalsTwo hundred and thirty‐five cats with MG.MethodsRetrospective case study to evaluate the long‐term outcome and incidence of spontaneous remission in myasthenic cats. Information including signalment, clinical presentation, presence of and type of cranial mediastinal mass, treatment including surgical versus medical, survival time, and outcome including spontaneous remissions was collected and analyzed in cats diagnosed at the Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California San Diego by detection of acetylcholine receptor antibody titers >0.3 nmol/L by immunoprecipitation radioimmunosassay.ResultsAcquired MG in cats is associated with a euthanasia rate of 58%. Abyssinian and Somali cats had an increased incidence of MG compared to mixed breed cats or cats of other breeds. A cranial mediastinal mass, most commonly thymoma, was observed in 52% of the cats, which is higher than in the previous report. Spontaneous remission is not a characteristic of MG in cats.Conclusions and clinical importanceMyasthenia gravis in cats is a chronic disease associated with a high incidence of a cranial mediastinal mass. Spontaneous remission is not common and clinicians should warn owners of the necessity for long‐term treatment. The clinical outcome with a cranial mediastinal mass did not differ between surgical or medical treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Reports of outcomes are limited 34, 41. One study suggests a median survival time of 720 days in cats undergoing radiation therapy41 versus 3.71 years in cats undergoing surgery for thymoma 22. There is no information about the effect on clinical signs of MG in cats treated for thymoma with radiation treatment or surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Outcomes in Cats with Acquired Myasthenia Gravis (2001–2012)

Hague

Humphries

Mitchell

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Cats with thymoma often present with respiratory signs; however, skin lesions are occasionally the presenting complaint . Multiple cases of thymoma‐associated cutaneous PNS have been reported, and the clinical presentations all were consistent with exfoliative dermatitis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A previously undescribed cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome in a cat with thymoma

Fournier

Bavčar

Philbey

et al. 2019

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background Exfoliative dermatitis is a well‐recognized cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) associated with thymoma in cats, of which the clinical and histopathological presentation has been well‐characterized. Objectives To describe a novel clinical skin manifestation associated with thymoma in a cat. Animal A 14‐year‐old neutered female domestic short hair cat. Methods and materials Physical, abdominal ultrasonographic, thoracic radiographic, ultrasonographic and computed tomographic examinations, histopathological assessment of the skin and mediastinal mass. Results The cat was presented with noninflammatory alopecia, with a dorsal multifocal distribution. Examination of the alopecic areas using a dermascope indicated an apparent lack of follicular ostia. Histopathological assessment of alopecic areas confirmed follicular and epidermal atrophy, trichilemmal keratinization and mild orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. Diagnostic imaging revealed a mediastinal mass, which was surgically removed. Histopathological and immunohistopathological examination of the mass was consistent with a thymoma, associated with multiloculated cyst formation and multifocal cholesterol granulomas. Following surgery, hair re‐growth was noted in the previously alopecic areas. The cat was euthanized 3.5 months later because of recurrent chylothorax suspected to be a postoperative complication. The alopecic lesions had improved markedly. Conclusions and clinical importance Thymoma‐associated PNS might not always manifest as an exfoliative dermatitis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multifocal noninflammatory alopecia.

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“…For example, dogs with myasthenia gravis and megaesophagus have a poor Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery, Thoracoscopy short-term outcome. 11,14,16 Preoperative computed tomography (Fig. 5) is strongly advised in preoperative case selection for confirmation of noninvasiveness.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, resection of cranial mediastinal masses (CMMs) has been accomplished via median sternotomy or intercostal thoracotomy. [11][12][13][14] Recently, a VATS approach to CMM resection in two dogs was reported. 15 A VATS approach to CMM resection is feasible and associated with low operative morbidity, although ultimate prognosis depends on the underlying disease.…”

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confidence: 99%