Períodos de interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do quiabo

Abstract

63Períodos de interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do quiabo 1 Recebido para publicação em 15.4.2012 e aprovado em 2/9/2012. RESUMO -Poucas pesquisas têm sido realizadas sobre interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do quiabo. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar os períodos de interferência da comunidade infestante no quiabeiro. Um experimento de campo foi conduzido sob dois grupos de tratamentos, mantendo períodos crescentes de 0 (testemunha), 7, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 63, 77, 91 e 105 dias após a emergência da cultura (DAE), com e sem controle das plantas daninhas. As plantas daninhas com maior importância relativa foram Portulaca oleracea, Nicandra physaloides e Eleusine indica. A convivência do quiabeiro com as plantas daninhas por todo o ciclo de cultivo reduziu a produtividade da cultura em 95%. O período anterior à interferência foi de 57 DAE, enquanto o período total de prevenção à interferência foi de 14 DAE. Não houve período crítico de prevenção à interferência, sendo um único controle das plantas daninhas entre 14 e 57 DAE suficiente para prevenir a interferência na cultura do quiabo.Palavras-chave: Abelmoschus esculentus, comunidade infestante, convivência, competição.ABSTRACT -Few research works have been carried out on weed interference in okra crop. The aim of this study was to estimate the periods of weed interference in okra crop. Thus, a field trial was carried out under two groups of treatments, using increased periods of 0 (check), 7, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 63, 77, 91, and 105 days after crop emergence (DAE) with weed control and without weed control. Weeds with highest relative importance were Portulaca oleracea, Nicandra physaloides, and Eleusine indica. Coexistence of okra crop and weeds throughout the season reduced crop yield by 95%. The period before interference was 57 DAE, while total period of interference prevention was 14 DAE. There was no critical period of interference prevention, with a single weed control between 14 and 57 DAE being sufficient for interference prevention in okra crop.

Phytosociological Survey and Weed Interference in Eggplants Cultivation1

“…Weeds N. physaloides, E. indica and P. oleraceae are common in vegetable crops. These species were also found in research on crops of okra, beets and tomatoes (Nascente et al, 2004;Carvalho et al, 2008a;Bachega et al, 2013). Furthermore, these researchers have mentioned that in the treatments with longer periods of coexistence some plants substantially grow, as N. physaloides, preventing the incidence of light and decreasing, as a result, the possibility of emergence of other species of the weed community.…”

“…In the cultivation of Criollo Lila eggplants in Colombia, reduction in productivity and formation of quality fruit around 67% and 96%, respectively, was also observed (AramendizTatis et al, 2010). In other vegetable crops, such as okra and potatoes, productivity losses Phytosociological survey and weed interference in eggplants cultivation caused by weeds can be up to 96% and 40%, respectively (Ahmadvand et al, 2009;Bachega et al, 2013). In carrots and beets, these losses may reach 90% (Carvalho et al, 2008a, b).…”

“…In vegetable crops such as okra and carrots, yield losses caused by weeds can be up to 94% and 95% (Coelho et al, 2009;Bachega et al, 2013), respectively. In carrots, if there is no weed control, losses can reach 94% (Coelho et al, 2009), while beets can reach 70% (Carvalho et al, 2008a) to 90% (Carvalho et al, 2008b) in crops for transplanting seedlings and direct seeding, respectively.…”

Weed Interference in Eggplant Crops

“…For example, weeds reduce okra and carrot crop yields by up to 95% (BACHEGA et al, 2013) and 94% (COELHO; BIANCO; CARVALHO, 2009), respectively. In eggplant cultivation, weeds reduce fruit yield and quality by 67% and 96%, respectively (ARAMENDIZ-TATIS; CARDONA-AYALA; DE ORO, 2010).…”

“…For instance, in okra in the State of São Paulo and State of Minas Gerais, it should be implemented up to 57 days and 75-100 days after crop emergence (DAE), respectively (BACHEGA et al, 2013;SANTOS et al, 2010). The weed control of beet depends on the management practice; for instance, it should be carried out between 51 and 35 days after transplanting beet, but between 14 and 36 days when sowing beet directly in the soil (CARVALHO et al, 2008a, b).…”