Periodontitis assessed with a new screening tool and oral health-related quality of life: cross-sectional findings among general-population adults

Abstract

Introduction Periodontitis, as a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease, has complex relationships with other diseases and ultimately with well-being. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between self-report periodontitis, as measured with the recently developed and validated modified Periodontal Screening Score (mPESS), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQol) in a large population-based sample derived from the French NutriNet-Santé e-cohort. Methods The sample was composed of 32,714 adults (75.5% women) with a mean age of 48.8 ± 13.9 years. Periodontitis was assessed based on age, smoking, and oral health status data obtained in 2011–2012, which allowed calculating the mPESS. An mPESS ≥ 5 was used to identify individuals at risk of severe periodontitis (main exposure). OHRQoL was measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) (main outcome) and the total score was dichotomized for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses, considering physical health status, dietary and lifestyle confounding variables, were performed. Results Overall, 6407 participants (19.6%) were at a high risk of severe periodontitis. A total of 7383 participants (22.6%) presented a relatively poor OHRQoL (OHIP-14 > 8, highest quartile). In the multivariable model, each of the following variables was independently and significantly associated with lower OHRQoL: older age (50–64 years), female sex, obesity, snacking between meals, frequent consumption of soft drinks and sweets/chocolate, risk of severe periodontitis, and having < 20 natural teeth were significantly. An mPESS ≥ 5 showed the highest odds for relatively poor OHRQoL (OR = 3.45; 95% CI 3.21–3.72). Conclusion The results support the association between periodontitis and OHRQoL in non-clinical samples. The use of mPESS could be tested in future prevention programs aiming at improving OHRQoL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-022-03215-x.

Periodontal disease and quality of life in patients with circulatory diseases

“…These findings were different from those of the literature, as our study included patients with circulatory system diseases who were under periodic control. Another aspect that may have been responsible for the differences between the results is the various methods used to classify periodontal diseases observed in other studies 6,14,16,20,21 .…”

“…Our findings showed that older adults had lower values for the domains "Physical functioning" and "Role-physical" in the SF-36 questionnaire. Other studies have shown that age can be a factor that influences quality of life, as well as chronic systemic diseases 4,6,21 . Considering individuals with different degrees of severity of periodontal disease, we observed differences in the "Pain" domain (SF-36), with patients with gingivitis/periodontal health having the worst results.…”

“…In stages 3 and 4 of periodontal disease, there is loss of attachment (≥5mm), dental mobility, and tooth loss, which can lead to masticatory dysfunction 9 , and negatively impact quality of life 6,12,14,16,20,21 . However, our results showed that the severity of periodontal disease did not influence most quality-of-life domains as measured by the instruments used.…”

“…Dental problems can affect eating, sleeping, speaking, communication, social interaction, and self-esteem, leading to difficulties in daily activities and resulting in decreased quality of life 6,12,18,19 . The oral health impact profile short form (OHIP-14) is a validated instrument that allows for the detection of associations between social impact and perceived treatment needs and quantifies the levels of impact with good reliability 6,12,14,[19][20][21] . It also has a diversity of domains, and is of rapid administration and interpretation of results, allowing to evaluate of the severity, extent, and prevalence of negative impacts in a single session [13][14][15][16][17][18] .…”

Reliability and Validity of a Lithuanian Version of the Oral Health Impact Profile—A Study in Patients with Stage III–IV Periodontitis

“…The OHIP was validated in different target populations, e.g., in prosthodontic patients [ 10 , 13 , 14 ], malocclusion patients [ 8 ], patients with removable dentures [ 11 ], edentulous subjects [ 12 ], among the elderly [ 9 ]. In the literature, special attention is paid to the measurement of OHRQoL in patients with periodontal disease and to the application of the OHIP inventory for this purpose [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”