Periodontal Status in Men With Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism: Effects of Testosterone Deficiency

Abstract

According to these results, serum testosterone levels may possibly influence periodontal disease in men, and testosterone may have an inhibitory effect on gingival inflammation.

The Effect of Supra‐ and Subphysiologic Testosterone Levels on Ligature‐Induced Bone Loss in Rats — A Radiographic and Histologic Pilot Study

“…The effects of testosterone hormone on the periodontium and periodontal cells have been assessed both in humans 8,10 and in vitro, 33,34 but there is insufficient evidence to fully understand the exact effect of testosterone on periodontal tissues and inflammation in general. This issue is important, given the increasing age of most populations and the associated hormonal imbalances 1 .…”

“…It is estimated that 50% of men aged 60 years or older may have considerably decreased testosterone levels 3,6 . Clinically, low testosterone levels may influence sexual function and libido, muscle strength, bone density, fatigue, cognition, mood, adipose tissue, or even affect periodontal disease 6‐8 …”

Sex Steroids, Periodontal Health, and Tooth Loss in Older Men

“…Testosterone also has a positive effect on bone in men (Vanderschueren et al ., 2004; Wiren and Orwoll, 1999) but the relationships between testosterone levels and oral health have rarely been studied (Daltaban et al ., 2006). Our findings provide no support for a relationship between serum testosterone and periodontal or oral bone health.…”

“…Estrogen use may provide protection against tooth loss in menopausal women (Taguchi et al ., 2004) and testosterone may be related to periodontal health in hypogonadotrophic men (Daltaban et al ., 2006). Moreover, both estrogen and androgen may have direct effects on the periodontium (Mealey and Moritz, 2003; Soory and Tilakaratne, 2003a; b).…”

Stem Cells and Androgen Receptor in Human Periapical Periodontitis

“…The findings suggest that testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, acting on the periodontium, may play an important anabolic role in connective tissue and bone repair processes. In cases of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease, when anabolic activity in affected tissues is considerably reduced, the effects of testosterone would be of maximal importance (Daltaban et al, 2006). Studies evaluating the methylation status of cytokine genes may have relevance for inflammatory diseases in which the expression of some cytokines is altered, such as periodontitis (Andia et al, 2010).…”