Periodontal Initial Radiological Findings of Genetically Predisposed Finnish Adolescents.

Heikkinen, Anna Maria; Esmaeili, Elmira Pakbaznejad; Kovanen, Leena; Ruokonen, Hellevi; Kettunen, K; Haukka, Jari; Tervahartiala, Taina; Sorsa, Timo

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/25850.10168

Cited by 10 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, longterm periodontitis is easily detected radiologically (Rams, Listgarten, & Slots, 2018). Most patients (93.9%) in the present study had radiologically detectable findings of periodontitis, which is higher than the general prevalence of periodontitis in Finland (Heikkinen et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Periodontitis in tonsil cancer patients—A comparative study in accordance with tumour p16 status

et al. 2020

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Approximately 90% of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) develop from the tonsils or base of tongue (D'Souza et al., 2007). Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with tonsillar cancer in 70%-73% of patients (Palmer et al., 2014), and the increased incidence of HPV infections is considered to be the reason for increased incidence of tonsillar carcinoma (Park et al., 2013). OPSCC is nowadays considered as two separate entities according to HPV status (Carpén et al., 2018). The majority of HPV-positive OPSCC patients are men and tend to be younger and to have fewer comorbidities (Carpén et al., 2018; Palmer et al., 2014). In contrast, HPV-negative patients are more often smokers and heavy alcohol consumers (Carpén et al., 2018). HPV status has been shown to be associated with long-term prognosis; HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma patients have better survival rates than patients with HPVnegative carcinoma (Lacau et al., 2017). The immunohistochemical identification of p16 is used as a routine screening method in many clinical settings, as it is easy and cost-effective. This technique does not directly indicate HPV status (El-Naggar, Chan, Grandis, Takata, &

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Periodontitis in tonsil cancer patients—A comparative study in accordance with tumour p16 status

et al. 2020

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“…Regarding elevated salivary aMMP‐8 levels reflecting proinflammatory state of subclinical periodontitis in adolescents, there is a chairside/point‐of‐care aMMP‐8 mouthrinse test . It offers an inexpensive, quick and easy way to predictively diagnose and screen adolescents with early signs of subclinical periodontitis and with predisposing genetic background, even before radiological findings . Currently, the chairside/point‐of‐care aMMP‐8 test can be performed quantitatively .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 It offers an inexpensive, quick and easy way to predictively diagnose and screen adolescents with early signs of subclinical periodontitis 26,47 and with predisposing genetic background, 48 even before radiological findings. 49 Currently, the chairside/point-of-care aMMP-8 test can be performed quantitatively. 50 Combining the aMMP-8 chairside test result with other patient-related risk factor information, e.g., sex, smoking status, and clinical periodontal examination, could really aid oral health professionals in identification of subclinical periodontitis patients early enough.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐sectional analysis of risk factors for subclinical periodontitis; active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 as a potential indicator in initial periodontitis in adolescents

Heikkinen

Räisänen

Tervahartiala

et al. 2018

Journal of Periodontology

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Background The aim of this study was to investigate how different patient‐related risk indicators might be associated with the odds of developing subclinical periodontitis in adolescents. Methods This cross‐sectional study included 252 Finnish individuals aged 15 to 16 years, of whom 141 were boys and 111 girls. A specially trained dentist performed clinical examinations: measurements included periodontal indexes (bleeding on probing, visible plaque index, root calculus, and probing depth, smoking by pack‐years, periodontal bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Treponema denticola) and the potential salivary periodontal biomarkers (active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 [aMMP‐8], polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase [PMN elastase], and total protein, albumin, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin M). Results were analyzed by ordinal logistic regression, one‐way analysis of variance, Fisher exact test, and Kruskal‒Wallis H test. Results The main finding of this study was that subclinical periodontitis in adolescents was statistically significantly associated with elevated salivary aMMP‐8 but not with PMN elastase. Also, adolescents with subclinical periodontitis had statistically significantly higher levels of bleeding on probing, root calculus, and dental plaque than adolescents without subclinical periodontitis. Conclusions We suggest that the main risk factor for subclinical periodontitis in adolescents is the partly calcified, dysbiotic bacterial biofilm, which interacts with the immune defenses of the host; this leads to gingival inflammation and eventually to deepening periodontal pockets. This proinflammatory subclinical periodontitis stage, which represents stage I periodontitis in the new classification, is reflected as elevated salivary aMMP‐8 levels in oral fluids.

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“…A newly developed point-of-care test to diagnose periodontitis using mouth rinse, known as the aMMP-8 test, has recently been launched and a few validating studies documenting good diagnostic accuracy of the test are already available [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The test resembles a pregnancy test and it is easy to use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aMMP-8 test diagnostics are based on active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) level analysis by lateral flow immunoassay in mouth rinse and it provides information about the inflammatory burden of the periodontium [ 5 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. In a previous study, aMMP-8 test differentiated adolescent patients having gingivitis or initial periodontitis from healthy participants with a good accuracy according to prior radiographic manifestations [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In addition, the positive test result was associated with the candidate susceptibility genes of periodontitis [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Newly Delivered Mothers for Periodontitis with a Novel Oral-Rinse aMMP-8 Point-of-Care Test in a Rural Malawian Population

et al. 2018

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A novel qualitative point-of-care test of activated matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) using noninvasive oral rinse sampling procedures has been developed for the early detection of collagen breakdown indicating periodontal tissue destruction. The main object of this study was to assess the reliability of the test in a low-income setting to identify participants with history of periodontal destruction detected as alveolar bone loss (ABL) in radiographs. This cross-sectional study included 486 women who had recently delivered in rural Malawi. The aMMP-8 test and dental panoramic radiographs were taken within 48 h of delivery. The performance of the test in comparison to radiological examinations was tested by following the standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies protocol (STARD) with respective statistical measures and 95% confidence intervals. From the 486 eligible participants, 461 mothers with complete data, aged from 15 to 46 years (mean 24.8, SD 6.0) were included in the analysis. ABL was identified in 116 of 461 participants. There was 56% agreement between the aMMP-8 test results and detected ABL (yes or no) in radiographs. Calculated sensitivity of the test was 80% (72–87%), specificity 48% (43–54%), positive predictive value 34% (31–37%), negative predictive value 88% (83–91%), positive likelihood ratio 1.55 (1.35–1.77), and negative likelihood ratio 0.41(0.28–0.60). The aMMP-8 test sensitivity and negative predictive value to identify the ABL cases were relatively high, but there was additionally a high rate of test-positive results in participants without ABL, especially in young mothers, leading to low overall agreement between the test results and radiological bone loss. Further longitudinal studies are needed to examine if the test positive subjects are in risk of future bone loss before the detectable signs of periodontitis in radiographs.

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Periodontal Initial Radiological Findings of Genetically Predisposed Finnish Adolescents.

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Periodontitis in tonsil cancer patients—A comparative study in accordance with tumour p16 status

Periodontitis in tonsil cancer patients—A comparative study in accordance with tumour p16 status

Cross‐sectional analysis of risk factors for subclinical periodontitis; active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 as a potential indicator in initial periodontitis in adolescents

Diagnosis of Newly Delivered Mothers for Periodontitis with a Novel Oral-Rinse aMMP-8 Point-of-Care Test in a Rural Malawian Population

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