Periodontal health in free‐ranging baboons of Ethiopia and Kenya

Phillips‐Conroy, Jane E.; Hildebolt, Charles F.; Altmann, Jeanne; Jolly, Clifford J.; Muruthi, Philip

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330900310

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the virus did not have an obvious negative impact on the capuchins in our study based on the normal results of the various diagnostics we performed. The percentage of individuals in our study missing ≥1 tooth (44%) is higher than has been previously reported for this species (8.3%; Smith et al 1977), but high rates of tooth loss and periodontal disease occur in other wild primate populations (Cuozzo and Sauther 2006;Phillips-Conroy et al 1993).…”

Section: Healthcontrasting

confidence: 77%

Field Anesthesia and Health Assessment of Free-ranging Cebus capucinus in Panama

Crofoot

Norton²,

Lessnau³

et al. 2009

Int J Primatol

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Health and disease are critical factors for understanding primate evolution and for developing effective conservation and management strategies. However, comprehensive health assessments of wild primate populations are rare, in part because of the difficulty and risk of chemically immobilizing subjects to obtain the necessary biological samples. We report here the results of a health assessment, as Int J Primatol (2009) well as the methods and drug dosages used to capture white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. We captured and measured 24 capuchins as part of an ongoing radiotelemetry study, and collected biological samples from 9 of them for a comprehensive health survey. Telazol® was very effective for immobilizing and capturing capuchins, although the doses we used were higher than those recommended for captive capuchins. High Telazol doses immobilized individuals quickly, ensuring that we were able to find and recover the sedated monkeys. The capuchins were generally in good condition, and had few ecto-, hemo-, or intestinal parasites. However, all but 1 of the adults had substantial dental abnormalities. In addition, 1 juvenile had indeterminate genitalia that we believe to be the result of hypospadias. Seven of the capuchins tested positive for exposure to Herpesvirus tamarinus and all individuals tested positive for exposure to Cebus cytomegalovirus. Hematology, serum chemistry, and plasma mineral levels from the wild individuals were, for the most part, comparable to those recorded for captive Cebus capucinus, and contribute to establishing baseline health values for the species.

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Section: Healthcontrasting

confidence: 77%

Field Anesthesia and Health Assessment of Free-ranging Cebus capucinus in Panama

Crofoot

Norton²,

Lessnau³

et al. 2009

Int J Primatol

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“…A landmark study in wild lemurs found that increased tooth wear in older mothers was associated with decreased survival of their infants, 43 indicating a strong link between tooth wear and food processing ability. In Amboseli, we have previously documented that periodontal health decreases with age 45 . Further, we have observed dramatic changes in tooth wear with age, using photographs taken during brief immobilizations (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In Amboseli, we have previously documented that periodontal health decreases with age. 45 Further, we have observed dramatic changes in tooth wear with age, using photographs taken during brief immobilizations ( Fig. 6).…”

Section: Age-related Changes In Body Mass Index (Bmi)mentioning

confidence: 76%

Life history context of reproductive aging in a wild primate model

Altmann

Gesquiere

Galbany

et al. 2010

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The pace of reproductive aging has been of considerable interest, especially in regard to the long postreproductive period in modern women. Here we use data for both sexes from a 37-year longitudinal study of a wild baboon population to place reproductive aging within a life history context for this species, a primate relative of humans that evolved in the same savannah habitat as humans did. We examine the patterns and pace of reproductive aging, including birth rates and reproductive hormones for both sexes, and compare reproductive aging to age-related changes in several other traits. Reproductive senescence occurs later in baboon females than males. Delayed senescence in females relative to males is also found in several other traits, such as dominance status and body condition, but not in molar wear or glucocorticoid profiles. Survival, health, and well-being are the product of risk factors in morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits that differ in rate of senescence and in dependence on social or ecological conditions; some will be very sensitive to differences in circumstances and others less so.

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“…In response to these concerns, impact assessment studies have begun to utilise models of individual decision making as the theoretical basis for understanding Safina & Burger (1983), Giese (1996), Müllner et al (2004), Bejder (2005 Body condition and disease susceptibility Altmann et al (1993), Phillips-Conroy et al (1993), Nizeyi et al (1999) Burger & Gochfeld (1999) Gill et al 1996, 2001, Gill & Sutherland 2000, Frid & Dill 2002, Stillman & Goss-Custard 2002, Beale & Monaghan 2004b. This approach applies aspects of evolutionary theory for decision making under the risk of predation to make predictions about how individuals will respond to nonlethal forms of human disturbance.…”

Section: Principles For Interpreting Behavioural Responses To Human Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact assessment research: use and misuse of habituation, sensitisation and tolerance in describing wildlife responses to anthropogenic stimuli

Bejder¹,

Samuels²,

Whitehead³

et al. 2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

379

265

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Studies on the effects of anthropogenic activity on wildlife aim to provide a sound scientific basis for management. However, misinterpretation of the theoretical basis for these studies can jeopardise this objective and lead to management outcomes that are detrimental to the wildlife they are intended to protect. Misapplication of the terms 'habituation', 'sensitisation' and 'tolerance' in impact studies, for example, can lead to fundamental misinterpretations of research findings. Habituation is often used incorrectly to refer to any form of moderation in wildlife response to human disturbance, rather than to describe a progressive reduction in response to stimuli that are perceived as neither aversive nor beneficial. This misinterpretation, when coupled with the widely held assumption that habituation has a positive or neutral outcome for animals, can lead to inappropriate decisions about the threats human interactions pose to wildlife. We review the conceptual framework for the use of habituation, sensitisation and tolerance, and provide a set of principles for their appropriate application in studies of behavioural responses to anthropogenic stimuli. We describe how cases of presumed habituation or sensitisation may actually represent differences in the tolerance levels of wildlife to anthropogenic activity. This distinction is vital because impact studies must address (1) the various mechanisms by which differing tolerance levels can occur; and (2) the range of explanations for habituationand sensitisation-type responses. We show that only one mechanism leads to true behavioural habituation (or sensitisation), while a range of mechanisms can lead to changes in tolerance.

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Periodontal health in free‐ranging baboons of Ethiopia and Kenya

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Field Anesthesia and Health Assessment of Free-ranging Cebus capucinus in Panama

Field Anesthesia and Health Assessment of Free-ranging Cebus capucinus in Panama

Life history context of reproductive aging in a wild primate model

Impact assessment research: use and misuse of habituation, sensitisation and tolerance in describing wildlife responses to anthropogenic stimuli

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