Periodontal Diseases in Dogs (Etiology, Clinical Signs, Diagnosis)

Abstract

Recently, the number of non-communicable pathologies in dogs is increasing and a large part of them are caused by diseases of the oral cavity area. A significant number of them are dental problems. One of them is periodon s.More o en periodon s occurs as a result of tooth fractures and the development of caries, which are complicated by necro c pulpi s. The main forms of periodon s in dogs: fibrous, granulomatous, granula ng, and suppura ve.The work describes clinical manifesta ons of periodontal pathology and interprets the radiological images taken for final diagnosis of oral cavity pathology.Fibrous periodon s was found to be asymptoma c and characterized by insignificant equitable expansion of the periodontal slit in the apex area. Granula ng periodon s is characterized by hyperemia and swelling of the mucous membrane of the gums in the area of tooth root projec on and uneven jaw bone destruc on with deforma on of the periodontal slit. Granulomatous periodon s is asymptoma c and is characterized by the development of a rounded defect of the jaw bone, which is associated with periodon s and is radiologically detected. A fistula in the infraorbital region (fourth upper premolar) is observed quite o en. In cases of suppura ve periodon s in dogs, toothache, hyperemia and swelling of the gums, fistula, destruc on and mel ng of the periodontal ligament were noted.Odontogenic abscesses can be considered not only as an independent nosologic unit but also as a kind of suppura ve periodon s. Granulomas of periodontal ssue are a part of chronic periodon s including its similar e ology, pathogenesis, symptoms, and localiza on.