Periodontal diseases: current and future indications for local antimicrobial therapy

Trombelli, Leonardo; Tatakis, DN

doi:10.1034/j.1601-0825.9.s1.3.x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Scaling and root planing is usually followed with additional treatments, including systemic administration of antibiotics to ensure bacterial destruction 20. Recent therapies include localized delivery of antibiotics to reduce the risk of adverse systemic drug reactions and to decrease concerns of patient compliance 21–24. Examples of such commercially available products include Arestin®, a microsphere system based on poly(lactide‐ co ‐glycolide) (PLGA) for minocycline release and Atridox®, a poly(lactic acid) (PLA)‐based system for doxycycline release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent release of admixed antimicrobials and salicylic acid from salicylate‐based poly(anhydride‐esters)

Johnson

Uhrich

2008

J Biomedical Materials Res

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A polymer blend consisting of antimicrobials (chlorhexidine, clindamycin, and minocycline) physically admixed at 10% by weight into a salicylic acid-based poly (anhydride-ester) (SA-based PAE) was developed as an adjunct treatment for periodontal disease. The SA-based PAE/ antimicrobial blends were characterized by multiple methods, including contact angle measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. Static contact angle measurements showed no significant differences in hydrophobicity between the polymer and antimicrobial matrix surfaces. Notable decreases in the polymer glass transition temperature (T g ) and the antimicrobials' melting points (T m ) were observed indicating that the antimicrobials act as plasticizers within the polymer matrix. In vitro drug release of salicylic acid from the polymer matrix and for each physically admixed antimicrobial was concurrently monitored by high pressure liquid chromatography during the course of polymer degradation and erosion. Although the polymer/antimicrobial blends were immiscible, the initial 24 h of drug release correlated to the erosion profiles. The SA-based PAE/antimicrobial blends are being investigated as an improvement on current localized drug therapies used to treat periodontal disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent release of admixed antimicrobials and salicylic acid from salicylate‐based poly(anhydride‐esters)

Johnson

Uhrich

2008

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Next to individual improvement of mechanical oral hygiene (i.e., mechanical and manual brushing, as well as flossing), prevention and therapy of oral disease is achieved by adjunctive oral hygiene products containing antimicrobial agents (29,47). A concentration of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) in oral mouth rinses showed the best efficacy in clinical studies and is still considered a "gold standard" (45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Microsensor Measurement of Local Metabolic Activities in Ex Vivo Dental Biofilms Exposed to Sucrose and Treated with Chlorhexidine

Ohle¹,

Gieseke

Nistico

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Dental biofilms are characterized by structural and functional heterogeneity. Due to bacterial metabolism, gradients develop and diverse ecological microniches exist. The aims of this study were (i) to determine the metabolic activity of microorganisms in naturally grown dental biofilms ex vivo by measuring dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH profiles with microelectrodes with high spatial resolution and (ii) to analyze the impact of an antimicrobial chlorhexidine (CHX) treatment on microbial physiology during stimulation by sucrose in real time. Biofilms were cultivated on standardized human enamel surfaces in vivo. DO and pH profiles were measured in a flow cell system in sterile human saliva, after sucrose addition (10%), again after alternative treatment of the sucrose exposed biofilms with CHX (0.2%) for 1 or 10 min or after being killed with paraformaldehyde (4%). Biofilm structure was visualized by vitality staining with confocal microscopy. With saliva as the sole nutrient source oxygen consumption was high within the superficial biofilm layers rendering deeper layers (>220 m) anoxic. Sucrose addition induced the thickness of the anaerobic zone to increase with a concurrent decrease in pH (7.1 to 4.4). CHX exposure reduced metabolic activity and microbial viability at the biofilm surface and drove metabolic activity deeper into the biofilm. CHX treatment led to a reduced viability at the biofilm surface with minor influence on overall biofilm physiology after 1 min; even after 10 min there was measurable respiration and fermentation inside the biofilm. However, the local microenvironment was more aerated, less acidogenic, and presumably less pathogenic.

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“…Failure of conventional periodontal therapy to achieve this may be related to an incomplete elimination of periodontopathic bacteria (2). Therefore, the microbial etiology of gingivitis and periodontitis provides the rationale for use of adjunctive antimicrobial agents in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases (3). The active agents should prevent biofilm formation without affecting the biological equilibrium within the oral cavity (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptomycessp. ST8 extracts attenuate growth, acid production, adhesion, biofilm formation, and water-insoluble glucan synthesis ofStreptococcus mutans

Taechowisan¹,

Sitthipanya²,

Wanbanjob

et al. 2009

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of crude extract of endophytic Streptomyces sp. ST8 against Streptococcus mutans, which is one of the major causes of dental caries and oral diseases. The extract from culture filtrate of endophytic Streptomyces sp. ST8 by ethylacetate has activity against S. mutans ATCC25175 and 104B. The extract at such concentrations (0.05Á5 mg/ml) demonstrated inhibition of bacterial adherence on glass surfaces and saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. The crude extract also decreased the activity of glucosyltransferase and glucan-binding lectin from both strains. These results suggest that the crude extract of endophytic Streptomyces sp. ST8 may be a new potential source for pharmaceutical products used for prevention and/or treatment of dental caries and periodontal disease.

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Periodontal diseases: current and future indications for local antimicrobial therapy

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Concurrent release of admixed antimicrobials and salicylic acid from salicylate‐based poly(anhydride‐esters)

Concurrent release of admixed antimicrobials and salicylic acid from salicylate‐based poly(anhydride‐esters)

Real-Time Microsensor Measurement of Local Metabolic Activities in Ex Vivo Dental Biofilms Exposed to Sucrose and Treated with Chlorhexidine

Streptomycessp. ST8 extracts attenuate growth, acid production, adhesion, biofilm formation, and water-insoluble glucan synthesis ofStreptococcus mutans

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