Periodontal Disease at the Biofilm–Gingival Interface

Offenbacher, Steven; Barros, Silvana P.; Singer, Robert E.; Moss, Kevin; Williams, Ray C.; Beck, James D.

doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060465

Cited by 217 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Due to space constraints, I urge the reader to explore the many excellent recent literature reviews of medical biofilms that are directed at such topics as overall biofilm formation and infection (Donlan, 2002;Hall-Stoodley and Stoodley, 2005;Hall-Stoodley et al, 2004;Parsek and Singh, 2003;Reisner et al, 2005), biofilm diagnosis and treatment (Fux et al, 2003), general survival strategies of infectious biofilms (Foster, 2005;Fux et al, 2005), biofilm antibiotic/ antimicrobial resistance (Döring et al, 2000;Mah and O'Toole, 2001;Stewart, 2002), quorum sensing control of biofilm formation (Bjarnsholt and Givskov, 2007;Harraghy et al, 2007;Smith and Iglewski, 2003), and biofilm issues related to specific infections, such as: cystic fibrosis (Høiby, 2002) osteomyelitis (Brady et al, 2007;Wagner et al, 2005), otitis media (Bakaletz, 2007;Post et al, 2007), and dental caries and oral infections (Bryers and Ratner, 2006;Offenbacher et al, 2007;Selwitz et al, 2007;Slayton et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical biofilms

Bryers

2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

638

502

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For more than two decades, Biotechnology and Bioengineering has documented research focused on natural and engineered microbial biofilms within aquatic and subterranean ecosystems, wastewater and waste-gas treatment systems, marine vessels and structures, and industrial bioprocesses. Compared to suspended culture systems, intentionally engineered biofilms are heterogeneous reaction systems that can increase reactor productivity, system stability, and provide inherent cell:product separation. Unwanted biofilms can create enormous increases in fluid frictional resistances, unacceptable reductions in heat transfer efficiency, product contamination, enhanced material deterioration, and accelerated corrosion. Missing from B&B has been an equivalent research dialogue regarding the basic molecular microbiology, immunology, and biotechnological aspects of medical biofilms. Presented here are the current problems related to medical biofilms; current concepts of biofilm formation, persistence, and interactions with the host immune system; and emerging technologies for controlling medical biofilms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical biofilms

Bryers

2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

638

502

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“…However, the biological processes involved in the progression from gingivitis to periodontitis have been difficult to determine [86]. It is probable that the following elements are implicated in the disease progression to periodontitis: microbial dysbiosis, overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria, herpes virus reactivation, immune-system disruption and acquired and/or genetic susceptibility factors [87][88][89].…”

Section: Probiotics and Gingivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and Periodontal Diseases

Morales¹,

Bravo²,

Bedoya³

et al. 2017

Insights Into Various Aspects of Oral Health

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Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Probiotics have been used to directly modify the resident oral microbiome and proposed to modulate immune responses. In dentistry, probiotics have been employed as useful adjuncts for the reduction of caries development, suppressing oral Candida infection and controlling halitosis. Plaque-induced gingivitis is a gingival inflammation caused by the adherent bacterial biofilm around teeth. Gingivitis and periodontitis are considered to be a continuum of the same inflammatory process, although many gingivitis lesions do not progress to periodontitis. Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that affects the attachment structures of teeth. It constitutes a second cause of tooth loss worldwide. Conventional treatment modalities of periodontal disease include non-surgical and/or surgical management, with an emphasis on mechanical debridement. However, mechanical debridement as a sole therapy is not always effective to improve clinical parameters. A growing number of studies support probiotic therapy to prevent or treat gingivitis and periodontitis. Oral administration of probiotics is an effective adjunct in reducing pathogenic bacteria and improving clinical signs of disease. Probiotics may serve as adjunct or replacement therapy substitute antibiotics in managing human periodontal infections in future.

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“…The hypothesis, in which periodontal pathogens transform the normally symbiotic microbiota into a dysbiotic state that leads to a breakdown in the normal homeostatic relationship with the host, came from evidence that P. gingivalis has evolved sophisticated strategies to evade or subvert components of the host immune system (e.g., Toll-like receptors and complement) rather than act directly as a proinflammatory bacterium 16,18 . Accordingly, it was hypothesized that P. gingivalis impairs innate immunity in ways that alter the growth and development of the entire biofilm, triggering a destructive change in the normally homeostatic host-microbial interplay in the periodontium.…”

Section: The Keystone Pathogen Hypothesis:-mentioning

confidence: 99%