Periodontal disease and visfatin level: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Visfatin is considered an inflammatory biomarker in periodontal disease (PD). In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between Visfatin biomarker level with PD. In this study, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. We included studies that examined visfatin levels in samples from healthy people and periodontal disease until March 2023. The quality of the selected articles was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa assessment scale. Depending on heterogeneity of studies, random-effects or fixed-effect models were used to pool results and report the standardized mean difference (SMD). After screening the retrieved papers, the related data were extracted. A total of 159 studies were identified, and 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In 9 studies, the SMD of visfatin level of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and healthy individuals was 4.32 (p<0.001). In 6 studies, the SMD of salivary visfatin level in patients with CP and healthy individuals was 2.95 (p = 0.004). In addition, in five studies, the SMD of serum visfatin level in patients with CP and healthy individuals was 7.87 (p<0.001). Therefore, Visfatin levels in serum, saliva, and GCF of patients with CP were increased in comparison to healthy individuals. Comparison of visfatin levels in saliva of gingivitis patients and healthy individuals showed a significant increase of visfatin in gingivitis patients (SMD:0.57, P = 0.018), but no significant difference was observed in the mean GCF visfatin level of gingivitis patients and healthy individuals (SMD:2.60, P = 0.090). In addition, the results suggested that there is no difference between gingivitis cases compared to CP patients (SMD:3.59, P = 0.217). Visfatin levels in GCF, serum, and saliva have the potential to be used as a diagnostic biomarker of periodontitis.

Embracing the future: The evolution of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in periodontology

“…Addressing these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach and the incorporation of various expertise. 1 , 3 , 8 …”

Expression of visfatin in gingival crevicular fluid and gingival tissues in different periodontal conditions: a cross-sectional study

“…In recent years, visfatin’s involvement in the regulation of inflammatory responses has been found to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis [ 13 , 14 ]. Visfatin exhibits significant upregulation in human fibroblasts and exerts influence on the inflammatory response by modulating the levels of cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3).…”