Periodontal complications with obesity

Suvan, Jean; Finer, Nick; D’Aiuto, Francesco

doi:10.1111/prd.12239

Cited by 90 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Being the most studied inflammasome in clinical diseases, NLRP3 has been implicated as having a role in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity and rheumatoid arthritis, all of which are diseases known for their clinical association with periodontal disease . The data indicate that in these four conditions there is a dysregulation of the inflammatory response that is partly driven by NLRP3 .…”

Section: Inflammasomes and Disease Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics

Marchesan

Girnary

Moss

et al. 2019

Periodontology 2000

106

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Inflammasomes are a group of multimolecular intracellular complexes assembled around several innate immune proteins. Recognition of a diverse range of microbial, stress and damage signals by inflammasomes results in direct activation of caspase‐1, which subsequently induces the only known form of secretion of active interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐18. Although the importance of interleukin‐1β in the periodontium is not questioned, the impact of inflammasomes in periodontal disease and its potential for therapeutics in periodontology is still in its very early stages. Increasing evidence in preclinical models and human data strongly implicate the involvement of inflammasomes in a number of inflammatory, autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Here we review: (a) the currently known inflammasome functions, (b) clinical/preclinical data supporting inflammasome involvement in the context of periodontal and comorbid diseases and (c) potential therapies targeting inflammasomes. To clarify further the inflammasome involvement in periodontitis, we present analyses of data from a large clinical study (n = 5809) that measured the gingival crevicular fluid‐interleukin‐1β and grouped the participants based on current periodontal disease classifications. We review data on 4910 European‐Americans that correlate 16 polymorphisms in the interleukin‐1B region with high gingival crevicular fluid‐interleukin‐1β levels. We show that inflammasome components are increased in diseased periodontal tissues and that the caspase‐1 inhibitor, VX‐765, inhibits ~50% of alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. The literature review further supports that although patients clinically present with the same phenotype, the disease that develops probably has different underlying biological pathways. The current data indicate that inflammasomes have a role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Understanding the contribution of different inflammasomes to disease development and distinct patient susceptibility will probably translate into improved, personalized therapies.

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Section: Inflammasomes and Disease Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics

Marchesan

Girnary

Moss

et al. 2019

Periodontology 2000

106

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“…Another important factor in periodontitis etiology is obesity . Metabolic and non‐metabolic complications due to obesity are becoming more prevalent, yet our understanding of the mechanisms still lags behind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sex paradox in the interplay between periodontitis, obesity, and serum C‐reactive protein: Data from a general population

Meisel

Eremenko

Holtfreter

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Women are generally periodontally healthier than men but they exhibit higher systemic levels of inflammatory markers. Our aim is to evaluate whether this paradox may be explained by different ramifications of adiposity or body shape. Methods In 3,268 subjects from the Study of Health in Pomerania, we determined anthropometric and periodontal parameters, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen as markers of inflammation. Behavioural and environmental risk factors and hand grip strength were assessed as factors interfering with the outcomes in question. We evaluated sex‐specific associations of adiposity characteristics and periodontal variables such as probing depth (PD) with CRP and fibrinogen. Results After adjusting for age, waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR), glycated hemoglobin, smoking, education, and grip strength, the opposite sex role of periodontitis and obesity on CRP levels were confirmed. WHR and body mass index (BMI) were associated with CRP in both men and women (P < 0.001). CRP was associated with PD in men (P = 0.001) but not in women (P = 0.11). When adjusted for BMI this association was attenuated in men by 15% (P = 0.002) but in women by 70% (P = 0.58). PD was related to plaque and bleeding on probing (P < 0.001) in both sexes and also to WHR in women (P = 0.026) and men (P = 0.002). BMI attenuated this association in women but not in men. HbA1c contributed significantly to PD in women (P = 0.013) but not in men (P = 0.76). Conclusions Systemic CRP concentrations are affected by periodontitis and obesity in men. In women adiposity is more significant than in men overriding the impact of periodontal measures.

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“…Suvan et al in a systematic review reported a positive relation between obesity and periodontitis [31], confirmed in a very recent review, showing that obese subjects were more prone to periodontal disease onset compared to normal-weight subjects, regardless of age and gender [34] The potential mechanism underlying the putative mutual relationship between obesity and periodontitis may be related to low-grade inflammation.…”

Section: Potential Etiopathogenic and Molecular Links Between Obesitymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the systematic review results of Papageorgiou et al, after the periodontal treatment, no statistically significant differences were found between obese and normal-weight in relation to most of the periodontal parameters [30] Suvan et al reported in a systematic review inconsistent evidence of different clinical responses to non-surgical periodontal therapy in obese subjects compared to nonobese ones [30,31].…”

Section: Impact Of Periodontal Treatment On Obesitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Obesity and Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review on Current Evidence and Putative Molecular Links

Spirito¹,

Sbordone²,

Pilone³

et al. 2019

TODENTJ

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Background: Obesity represents one of the main health problems worldwide and is considered a risk factor for several diseases, including periodontitis, which is a microbially-associated inflammatory disease affecting the tooth-supporting structures. Objective: The aim of this review was to report the current direct and indirect evidence concerning the possible association between obesity and periodontitis and their putative molecular links. Methods: A literature search was conducted between January 1999 and September 2019, in PubMed/MEDLINE and Science Direct databases, using pertinent keyword combined by Boolean operators. Through a multi-step screening process (literature search; articles title and abstract evaluation and full-text reading), studies fitting inclusion/exclusion criteria were considered for the review. Results: 35 studies were included in the present review (17 observational studies; 7 systematic reviews; 11 systematic reviews with meta-analysis), focusing on the direct and indirect evidence of the possible association between obesity and periodontitis and their potential etiopathogenic molecular links Conclusion: Although the majority of the studies reported a positive association between obesity and periodontitis, the heterogeneity of the classification criteria and of the clinical parameters employed in the studies for both obesity and periodontitis evaluation, complicated the comparison of the results, thus considered inconclusive. Although several putative molecular pathogenic links between obesity and periodontitis have been highlighted, further studies, with longer follow-ups and with homogeneous clinical criteria, are needed to better understand the putative relation between obesity and periodontal disease.

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Periodontal complications with obesity

Cited by 90 publications

References 168 publications

Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics

Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics

The sex paradox in the interplay between periodontitis, obesity, and serum C‐reactive protein: Data from a general population

Obesity and Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review on Current Evidence and Putative Molecular Links

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