Periodic structures generated in a cloud of cold atoms

Strekalov, Dmitry; Turlapov, Andrey; Kumarakrishnan, A.; Sleator, Tycho

doi:10.1103/physreva.66.023601

Cited by 45 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Typical Talbot-Lau matter-wave interferometery [13][14][15][16] employs a three-grating diffraction scheme. In the most common time-domain setup, an atomic wave packet is diffracted by a periodic potential, applied briefly at time t = 0, into a collection of wave packets that depart from each other at multiples of the velocity v Q =hQ/m, where Q is the potential's wave vector and m is the atomic mass.…”

Section: The Four-pulse Grating Echo Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Atom interferometry using wave packets with constant spatial displacements

Prentiss

2010

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A standing-wave light-pulse sequence is demonstrated that places atoms into a superposition of wave packets with precisely controlled displacements that remain constant for times as long as 1 s. The separated wave packets are subsequently recombined, resulting in atom interference patterns that probe energy differences of ≈10 −34 J and can provide acceleration measurements that are insensitive to platform vibrations.

show abstract

Section: The Four-pulse Grating Echo Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Atom interferometry using wave packets with constant spatial displacements

Prentiss

2010

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, we can prepare and control the spatiotemporal structures described by the Floquet solutions via choosing and adjusting parameters in the balance region. For a small ratio between the driving intensity and lattice depth one could explore the instability from velocity singularity via observing the breakdown of the periodic structure in density distribution [42,19]. Utilizing the slow varying processes, one can selectively prepare the stable Floquet states.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exact Floquet states of a driven condensate and their stabilities

Wang¹,

Lee²,

Zhu³

2008

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We investigate the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which describes an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate confined in an optical lattice and driven by a spatiotemporal periodic laser field. It is demonstrated that the exact Floquet states appear when the external time-dependent potential is balanced by the nonlinear mean-field interaction. The balance region of parameters is divided into a phase-continuing region and a phasejumping one. In the latter region, the Floquet states are spatiotemporal vortices of nontrivial phase structures and zero-density cores. Due to the velocity singularities of vortex cores and the blowing-up of perturbed solutions, the spatiotemporal vortices are unstable periodic states embedded in chaos. The stability and instability of these Floquet states are numerically explored by the time evolution of fidelity between the exact and numerical solutions. It is numerically illustrated that the stable Floquet states in the phase-continuing region could be prepared from the uniformly initial states by slow growth of the external potential.

show abstract

“…These gratings are not visible by the backscattering of traveling waves of wavelength λ, since the phase matching condition is not satisfied. Evidence of these λ/2n period gratings has been observed indirectly [2], but no direct observation of small-period fringes has been observed until now.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Sub-optical wavelength spatial imaging of the periodic fringes of total atomic density

Tonyushkin

Sleator

2006

2006 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2006 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fringes of total atomic density produced in an atom interferometer consisting of two off-resonant standing wave pulses were directly imaged using an "optical mask" technique. Fringe periods with integer fractions of the standing-wave period were observed.An interferometer based on the interaction of a pair of off-resonant standing waves (made from laser fields with wavelength λ) with a cold gas of Rb atoms [1] has been shown to be capable of precision measurement of the atomic recoil frequency, and inertial forces such as gravity. In the experiment, two standing wave pulses separated by time T , and detuned from an atomic transition of 85 Rb were applied to a sample of atoms cooled in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). In the vicinity of a time 2T an atomic fringe pattern with period λ/2 was observed indirectly by observing the back-scattering of light of wavelength λ from the sample.Theory predicts that at times t = [(n + 1)/n]T + ∆t, with ∆t T , fringe patterns of the total atomic density of period λ/2n should appear. Such fringes are the manifestation of the matter-wave diffraction. These gratings are not visible by the backscattering of traveling waves of wavelength λ, since the phase matching condition is not satisfied. Evidence of these λ/2n period gratings has been observed indirectly [2], but no direct observation of small-period fringes has been observed until now.To observe such small period structures, we have developed a real-time imaging technique [3]. This "optical mask" [4] technique, was applied to atoms of 85 Rb initially prepared in the ground hyperfine level F=3. In this technique a "mask" standing wave is applied to the atoms, and is resonant to the F=3 → F =3 transition (5S 1/2 → 5P 3/2 , λ = 780 nm). An excited atom is lost into the other ground hyperfine level, F=2, with 4/9 probability. For a pulse of sufficient intensity and duration, atoms not located at the nodes will be depleted into the F=2 level.For imaging the density at a particular time, we applied a "detection sequence", consisting of an optical mask, identical to the one described above (tuned to the F=3 → F =3 transition), followed by a traveling wave pulse tuned to the closed transition F=3 → F =4. After the mask was applied, atoms left unpumped at the nodes were counted by observation of fluorescence in the traveling wave. The fluorescent signal is proportional to the density at the nodes just before the application of the imaging mask. To map out the density as a function of position, the initial density profile was reproduced and the measurement repeated with various locations of the detection mask node within the mask period (λ/2).In the results presented here, we have applied the optical mask technique to directly measure the fringe spacing in an atom interferometer of the type described above. The optical mask was used to measure the atomic density fringes at various times after the two off-resonant standing waves [5].At a time around t = (3/2)T , we observed fringes with period λ/4 as shown in Fig. 1. Interestingly, there is...

show abstract

Periodic structures generated in a cloud of cold atoms

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Atom interferometry using wave packets with constant spatial displacements

Atom interferometry using wave packets with constant spatial displacements

Exact Floquet states of a driven condensate and their stabilities

Sub-optical wavelength spatial imaging of the periodic fringes of total atomic density

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About