Periodic Spasms: Focal Type and Generalized Type

Ogihara, Masahiko; Hoshika, Akinori; Miyajima, Tasuku; Matsuno, Tetsuhiko; Wang, Yu

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1993.tb02073.x

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…A study following deep electrode implantation demonstrated the involvement of the opercular region during seizures induced by mastication [13]. In extratemporal onset seizures, proprioceptive or somatosensory stimulation is important (rather than taste or smell) resulting in seizures more commonly seen towards the end or immediately after meals [1,14]. This difference in timing of seizures in relation to meals was not evident on comparison between the AC and PC groups in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“Eating” epilepsy revisited- an electro-clinico-radiological study

Jagtap

Menon

Cherian

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“Eating” epilepsy revisited- an electro-clinico-radiological study

Jagtap

Menon

Cherian

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

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“…Our series supports the conclusion that epileptic spasms are often refractory to conventional treatment options, as only 5 children have remained seizure-free for any length of time, and all were noted to have some degree of developmental delay. 1,3,4,8 Comparing the successful treatment regimens does not yield any particularly useful information, as the treatment used by these 5 seizure-free children was different for each child, although the combination of valproic acid and carnitine (used for supplementation rather than as a primary anticonvulsant), used in 7 children, including 2 of the seizure-free children, does seem to be effective in seizure control. One of the seizure-free children was taking ACTH, which has been found to have promising short-term effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These mild epileptic spasms' manifestations may often go unnoticed by parents, and consequently lower the estimated frequency of seizures in each patient. 3 Epileptic spasms are associated with a characteristic electroencephalography (EEG) pattern, most commonly consisting of a slow wave transient, which is diffuse but maximal in frontal derivations on EEG, followed by a second fast rhythm or brief polyspike burst of low amplitude and attenuation described as an electrodecrement that is usually superimposed on the slow wave, predominantly in the central regions 1,2,4 (Figures 1 and 2). Of interest, epileptic spasms do not show interictal hypsarrhythmia on EEG, a characteristic of infantile spasms and West syndrome; thus, its absence is used to differentiate epileptic spasms from late-onset West syndrome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commonly, epileptic spasms have been described as a paroxysmal phenomenon that consists of a series of motor movements, involving sudden flexion or extension predominantly of axial and/or proximal limb muscles, occurring with a noticeable periodicity, outside the age of infantile spasms. [1][2][3][4] The types of movements, as well as the duration, and the periodic interval between spasms vary greatly from patient to patient, often rendering this seizure type difficult to recognize. Spasms can vary in severity and muscle group…”

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confidence: 99%

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Epileptic Spasms: A Variety of Etiologies and Associated Syndromes

Goldstein

Slomski

2008

J Child Neurol

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Epileptic spasms have been described as a paroxysmal epileptic seizure type that consists of a series of motor movements, involving sudden flexion or extension predominantly of axial and/or proximal limb muscles, occurring with a noticeable periodicity, outside the age of infantile spasms, but have otherwise not been well characterized or described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients with epileptic spasms to describe the etiology and best treatment regimen for this seizure type. Twenty-eight children fit the selection criteria for this study, and their charts and electroencephalography (EEG) results were reviewed. Data regarding onset of seizures, characteristics of seizures, duration of seizures, activity at onset, treatments tried and/or failed, genetic or metabolic workup, and results of any imaging studies were collected. The results indicate that the genetic and metabolic workups that were done were most often negative or unrevealing. In addition, treatment regimens varied greatly from patient to patient, and it is evident that these seizures are refractory to many standard anticonvulsants, as well as the ketogenic diet. The results of imaging from this series point to a variety of structural abnormalities that could possibly explain a structural versus metabolic etiology for epileptic spasms. In conclusion, epileptic spasms remain an elusive seizure type to classify, diagnose, and treat. The results of the current series show a relationship between structural abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resultant epileptic spasms, which has further implications regarding surgical treatment of these seizures as opposed to the traditional treatment with anticonvulsants, to which epileptic spasms remain refractory.

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“…On the other hand, periodic spasms are a special type of epileptic seizure. The seizure consists of a series of spasms following a focal seizure, without hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalography (EEG) [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Epilepsy Characterized by Periodic Spasms

et al. 2003

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Seizures induced by eating are generally considered rare. Eating epilepsy is a kind of reflex epilepsy. We report two patients aged 11 and 16, with seizures provoked by eating. The eating-provoked seizures in both patients were a series of tonic spasms. Both ictal EEGs showed a periodic pattern characterized by diffuse high voltage slow wave. These findings were consistent with periodic spasms described by Gobbi et al. The ECD were widely distributed in both patients, although that of Patient 1 was partially clustered in the right frontal region. This is the first report of patients with periodic spasms induced by eating.

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Periodic Spasms: Focal Type and Generalized Type

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

“Eating” epilepsy revisited- an electro-clinico-radiological study

“Eating” epilepsy revisited- an electro-clinico-radiological study

Epileptic Spasms: A Variety of Etiologies and Associated Syndromes

Eating Epilepsy Characterized by Periodic Spasms

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