Periodic Analysis of Solar Activity and Its Link With the Arctic Oscillation Phenomenon

Abstract

Based on spectrum analysis, we provide the arithmetic expressions of the quasi 11 yr cycle, 110 yr century cycle of relative sunspot numbers, and quasi 22 yr cycle of solar magnetic field polarity. Based on a comparative analysis of the monthly average geopotential height, geopotential height anomaly, and temperature anomaly of the northern hemisphere at locations with an air pressure of 500 hPa during the positive and negative phases of AO (Arctic Oscillation), one can see that the abnormal warming period in the Arctic region corresponds to the negative phase of AO, while the anomalous cold period corresponds to its positive phase. This shows that the abnormal change in the Arctic region is an important factor in determining the anomalies of AO. In accordance with the analysis performed using the successive filtering method, one can see that the AO phenomenon occurring in January shows a clear quasi 88 yr century cycle and quasi 22 yr decadal cycle, which are closely related to solar activities. The results of our comparative analysis show that there is a close inverse relationship between the solar activities (especially the solar magnetic field index changes) and the changes in the 22 yr cycle of the AO occurring in January, and that the two trends are basically opposite of each other. That is to say, in most cases after the solar magnetic index MI rises from the lowest value, the solar magnetic field turns from north to south, and the high-energy particle flow entering the Earth's magnetosphere increases to heat the polar atmosphere, thus causing the AO to drop from the highest value; after the solar magnetic index MI drops from the highest value, the solar magnetic field turns from south to north, and the solar high-energy particle flow passes through the top of the Earth's magnetosphere rather than entering it to heat the polar atmosphere. Thus the polar temperature drops, causing the AO to rise from the lowest value. In summary, the variance contribution rate of the changes in the quasi 110 yr century cycle and quasi 22 yr decadal cycle for the AO reaches 62.9%, indicating that solar activity is an important driving factor of the AO.

Revealing Coupled Periodicities in Sunspot Time Series Using Bispectrum—An Inverse Problem

“…The main contribution of this work is that the periodic phenomena revealed by the sunspot data are limited within the time period of the 11-year cycle as well as the periodicities of the orbits of the planets, showing the possible effect of the orbits of the planets on the Sun's plasma. This contribution fills a gap that exists in the research in relation to the appearance of planetary periodicities in sunspot time series, since, to date, dominant studies have dealt with much longer periodicities (e.g., millennia or centuries) and were based on the way the solar magnetic field in the heliosphere modulates cosmic rays, influencing the production rate of radionuclides on Earth [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…Jacob Oloketuyi et al [5] conducted an analysis of daily data from January 1995 to December 2018, exploring the periodic behavior and the relationship between sunspot numbers, cosmic ray intensity, and solar wind speed. Weizheng Qu et al [6] presented arithmetic expressions for the quasi-11-year cycle, 110-year century cycle of relative sunspot numbers, and quasi-22-year cycle of solar magnetic field polarity through a spectrum analysis. Furthermore, M. G. Ogurtsov et al [7] confirmed the distinguishability of two long-term variations in solar activity, namely the Gleissberg and Suess cycles, at least over the last millennium.…”

Volcanic Activity Sparks Arctic Oscillation

“…Therefore, the polar regions are particularly sensitive to solar eruptions. That is to say, the extra solar energy input outside the Earth-air system is an important factor that stimulates the large-scale, long-period variations of the Arctic Oscillation [4][5][6] .…”

Volcanic activity sparks the Arctic Oscillation

“…Therefore, the polar regions are particularly sensitive to solar eruptions. That is to say, the extra solar energy input outside the Earth-air system is an important factor that stimulates the large-scale, long-period variations of the Arctic oscillation 4 – 6 .…”