Periodates as Potential Replacements for Perchlorates in Pyrotechnic Compositions

Brusnahan, Jason S.; Shaw, Anthony Peter Gordon; Moretti, Jared D.; Eck, William S.

doi:10.1002/prep.201600084

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Above each relevant exotherm/endotherm is the equation number that corresponds to that specific stage of thermal decomposition. As shown in Figure , the decomposition temperatures reported by Brusnahan were confirmed in this evaluation. The thermodynamic values of each step in the sodium periodate decomposition can be found in Table .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…First, the NaIO 4 decomposes exothermically without melting between 260 °C and 310 °C (according to DSC/TGA analysis) and results in the formation of NaIO 3 and O 2 as shown in Equation 1 . Next, NaIO 3 undergoes melting around 420 °C followed by an endothermic decomposition above 460 °C that gives the final products of NaI and O 2 , Equations 2 and 3a, respectively . Another possibility, proposed by Stern , is for the decomposition of NaIO 3 to produce Na 2 O, I 2 , and O 2 (Equation b).

true 2 NaIO_{4} (s) \to 2 NaIO_{3} (s) + normalO_{2} (g)

true NaIO_{3} (s) \to NaIO_{3} (l)

true 2 NaIO_{3} (l) \to 2 NaI (s) + 3 O_{2} (g)

true 4 NaIO_{3} (l) \to 2 Na_{2} normalO (s) + 2 I_{2} (g) + 5 O_{2} (g)

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boron carbide is a fuel of interest for NaIO 4 formulations due to its favorable reaction mechanism. In work outlined by Brusnahan , B 4 C/NaIO 4 , when mixed at the ratios we have selected, the reaction is expected to proceed as follows:

true normalB_{4} normalC (s) + 2 NaIO_{4} (s) \to 2 NaBO_{2} (g) + normalB_{2} normalO_{3} (g) + CO (g) + normalI_{2} (g)

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the NaIO 4 decomposes exothermically without melting between 260°C and 310°C (according to DSC/TGA analysis) and results in the formation of NaIO 3 and O 2 as shown in Equation 1 [24]. Next, NaIO 3 undergoes melting around 420°C followed by an endothermic decomposition above 460°C that gives the final products of NaI and O 2 , Equations 2 and 3a, respectively [23]. Another possibility, proposed by Stern [25], is for the decomposition of NaIO 3 to produce Na 2 A corresponding DSC/TGA plot of the decomposition of as-received NaIO 4 can be found in Figure 1.…”

Section: Reaction Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the temperature continues to increase, the remaining iodate and periodate is Table 1. Thermodynamic values of NaIO 4 decomposition reactions [23].…”

Section: Role Of Particle Size On Oxidizermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boron Carbide Based Biocide Compositions: A Study of Iodate Particle Size on Combustion and Iodine Output

Kotter

Groven

2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The ever‐present threat of biological weapons has encouraged the development of novel pyrotechnic formulations that release gaseous iodine upon combustion, which acts as a potent active agent capable of countering bio‐agents (e. g. anthrax). These formulations typically contain a fuel (Al, B, Al/B4C) and an iodate serving as an oxidizer. However, the percentage of free iodine generated is relatively low and aging of these formulations remains an issue. In this work, the role of particle size on the combustion velocities, iodine output, and combustion products are detailed for a boron carbide/sodium periodate formulation. Formulations are studied with and without the addition of binder (protectant) and the role of particle size on achieving 3‐D printable energetics is detailed. It is found that altering the fuel particle size (boron carbide) had little effect on the combustion velocity and iodine recovery. However, by reducing the particle size of the oxidizer, NaIO4, drastic improvements in iodine recovery are achieved. A reduction in mean particle size from 215 to 3 μm resulted in a 47 % increase in observed iodine recovery for powder formulations. Combustion velocities appear to be unaffected and were 1.4–1.6 mm/s. An in‐depth discussion of the decomposition pathway of pure NaIO4 as well as when paired with a B4C fuel source is also discussed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

true 2 NaIO_{4} (s) \to 2 NaIO_{3} (s) + normalO_{2} (g)

true NaIO_{3} (s) \to NaIO_{3} (l)

true 2 NaIO_{3} (l) \to 2 NaI (s) + 3 O_{2} (g)

true 4 NaIO_{3} (l) \to 2 Na_{2} normalO (s) + 2 I_{2} (g) + 5 O_{2} (g)

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

true normalB_{4} normalC (s) + 2 NaIO_{4} (s) \to 2 NaBO_{2} (g) + normalB_{2} normalO_{3} (g) + CO (g) + normalI_{2} (g)

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the NaIO 4 decomposes exothermically without melting between 260°C and 310°C (according to DSC/TGA analysis) and results in the formation of NaIO 3 and O 2 as shown in Equation 1 [24]. Next, NaIO 3 undergoes melting around 420°C followed by an endothermic decomposition above 460°C that gives the final products of NaI and O 2 , Equations 2 and 3a, respectively [23]. Another possibility, proposed by Stern [25], is for the decomposition of NaIO 3 to produce Na 2 A corresponding DSC/TGA plot of the decomposition of as-received NaIO 4 can be found in Figure 1.…”

Section: Reaction Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the temperature continues to increase, the remaining iodate and periodate is Table 1. Thermodynamic values of NaIO 4 decomposition reactions [23].…”

Section: Role Of Particle Size On Oxidizermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations