Perineural Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A New Hurdle for Surgeons

Keerthi, R; Dutta, Abhishek; Agarwal, Shruthi; Kani, Vikram; Khatua, Abhishek

doi:10.1007/s12663-016-0943-1

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Studies have found that some cancer genes and tumor suppressor genes may be crucial in enhancing or initiating the development of OSCC. Nevertheless, the specific molecular pathways underlying the development of OSCC are still unclear [6][7][8]. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the genomic and epigenomic mechanisms participating in multistep carcinogenesis and the progression of OSCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-182-5p Promotes Growth in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting CAMK2N1

Nan

Zhong

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that the propagation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is influenced by the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to characterize the involvement of miR-182-5p in OSCC by targeting the calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor CAMK2N1. Methods: miR-182-5p expression was quantified in OSCC tissues and cell lines with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cell colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Ki-67, and nude mouse xenograft assays were used to characterize the role of miR-182-5p in the proliferation of OSCC. A miR-182-5p target gene was identified with western blotting, RT-PCR, and luciferase activity assays. OSCC patient survival based on CAMK2N1 expression was also analyzed. Results: miR-182-5p was up-regulated in in vitro cell lines and in vivo clinical OSCC samples. CCK-8, colony formation, and Ki-67 assays revealed that miR-182-5p promoted the growth and proliferation of OSCC cells. miR-182-5p directly targeted CAMK2N1, as evidenced by luciferase assays and target prediction algorithms. CAMK2N1 operated as a tumor suppressor gene in patients with OSCC. Down-regulating miR-182-5p expression in the CAL-27 cell line restored CAMK2N1-mediated OSCC cell proliferation. miR-182-5p expression inhibited the activation of AKT, ERK1/2, and NF-κB. Mice injected with CAL-27 cells transfected with miR-182-5p-inhibitor demonstrated a significant increase in tumor size and weight and increased CAMK2N1 mRNA and protein expression compared with the miR-negative control group. Conclusion: The miR-182-5p-CAMK2N1 pathway can be potentially targeted to regulate the proliferation of OSCC cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-182-5p Promotes Growth in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting CAMK2N1

Nan

Zhong

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…PNI was initially thought to spread via perineurium or epineurium of the nerve sheath but this theory was later discarded as the ultra-scans of nerve sheath showed it as a highly selective barrier. Latest studies demonstrate that PNI occurs through various molecular interactions between tumor cells and nerve [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Prognostic Significance of Perineural Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Durrani¹

2021

OJDOH

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Objective: To measure the frequency of perineural invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma, to correlate its presence with various variables and to assess its impact upon prognosis.Design: A retrospective analytical study was planned.Place and Duration of study: Patients were identified with oral squamous cell carcinoma who had underwent surgical excision over the past 7 years in Rehman Medical institute. The duration of the study was 6 months.Methodology: Pathology reports were collected; and based upon the presence or absence of PNI, Patients were divided in to two groups. The group with PNI were analyzed for a set of associations and then compared with other group for comparison. PNI frequency was correlated with age, gender, site, size and differentiation of tumor. Presence of PNI, number of tumor foci along the perineural region and the size of nerve involved were then correlated with presence or absence with nodal disease and frequency of recurrence in these cases. Results were compiled and statistically analyzed using chi square test.Results: Total number of Patients included in study were 59. PNI was found present in 13 (22.03%) patients. PNI was found mainly in middle age group. Gender distribution: male-7, female-6 (p=0.454); Site distribution; Tongue carcinoma-6, other sites-7 (p=0.618); Size: T3-10, T1-3 (p=0.330); Differentiation: well differentiated-10, Moderate . Association of nodal status with PNI found positive in 6 patients (p=0.000). Association of recurrence with PNI was also found positive in 6 patients (p=0.001). Number of foci of perineural invasions (1 focus-7, 11 foci-1, 3 foci-3, 4 foci-1, 5 foci-1) association with recurrence (6 cases) p=0.535 and lymph node metastasis (6 cases) p=0.490. Nerve size involved by PNI (<1mm-3, >1mm-10) association with either lymph node metastasis (6) p=0.672 or recurrence in the neck (6) p=0.417. Conclusion:The frequency of PNI was 22.03%. Statistically, no significant association was found between PNI and age, gender, site, grade of tumor and size of the tumor. Significant Association was found in this study between occurrence of PNI with Lymph Node metastasis and Neck Recurrence. No Significant Association was found between number of foci of Perineural invasions or the size of the nerve involved with either lymph node metastasis or recurrence.

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“…Most importantly, both modalities allow detection of advanced perineural spread, a factor potentially influencing the extent of surgery as well as of adjuvant radiotherapy. [22][23][24][25][26] 26 Hirshoren et al 26 evaluated the role of PET/CT in surgical candidates with node-positive cSCCHN. Although not all included patients underwent both parotidectomy and neck dissection, the authors showed that the addition of PET to standard CT changed surgical planning only in 6.25% of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Intraparotid Metastases in Head and Neck Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Dür

Salmina²,

Borner

et al. 2020

The Laryngoscope

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Objectives: Parotid lymph node metastases are common in head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCCHN). Here we evaluate the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of intraglandular lymph node (IGLN) metastases in cSCCHN. Study Design: Retrospective study in a tertiary referral university cancer institute. Methods: We included patients with cSCCHN who underwent parotidectomy and neck dissection (ND), with or without synchronous resection of the skin primary, between January 1999 and January 2018. The characteristics of cSCCHN with or without IGLN involvement were compared. Results: Altogether, 68 patients were included. Of the 29 (42.6%) patients classified as cN0, eight were upstaged pN+ and had concomitant IGLN involvement. Of 21 patients with pN0 disease, IGLN metastases were absent in only three cases, resulting in a specificity and sensitivity of parotid metastases to diagnose occult nodal neck metastases of 14.29% and 100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 14.29% and 100%, respectively. Univariate analyses only displayed a significantly higher rate of moderately and poorly differentiated primaries in patients with IGLN metastases (P = .015). Only advanced T-stages were significantly associated with neck recurrences. Conclusion: IGLN status in advanced cSCCHN is potentially predictive for occul nodal neck metastases. Our results suggest that ND in patients with histopathologically negative IGLNs and clinically negative neck lymph nodes may not be necessary given the high negative predictive value of IGLN status in this group of patients. Therefore, accurate diagnostic evaluation of IGLN involvement is mandatory.

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Perineural Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A New Hurdle for Surgeons

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

miR-182-5p Promotes Growth in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting CAMK2N1

miR-182-5p Promotes Growth in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting CAMK2N1

A Study of Prognostic Significance of Perineural Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Relevance of Intraparotid Metastases in Head and Neck Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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