Perineal trauma after vaginal delivery in healthy pregnant women

Oliveira, Larissa Santos; Brito, Luiz Gustavo Oliveira; Quintana, Silvana Maria; Duarte, Geraldo; Marcolin, Alessandra Cristina

doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2014.1324710

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The results of the study depicted a high prevalence of perineal trauma. The findings were consistent with findings of a similar study carried out by Oliveira et al, (2014). The findings were also similar with those by Melamed et al, (2013), where the prevalence of 3 rd and 4 th degree tears was 0.6% and 3 rd degree tears were more common than 4 th degree.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Perineal Trauma among Women at a Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya

Kituku¹,

Getanda²,

Mwangi³

2019

JHMN

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Perineal trauma is classified according to the degree of structures involved or according to the depth of the injury. Mild perineal trauma is very common following vaginal delivery. Risk factors for perineal trauma include primiparity, precipitate labour, instrumental deliveries, pushing techniques and birth positions. Perineal trauma is associated with significant short-term and long-term complications. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for perineal trauma among women at teaching and referral hospital in western Kenya. A cross-sectional study was carried out at the teaching hospital between April and May 2015. Two hundred and nine women who had come to deliver at the facility were consented to participate in the study. A structured checklist was used to obtain data from the women and make observations as skilled care givers attended to deliveries. All analyses were performed at 95% level of confidence. Two hundred and nine (209) deliveries were observed. Majority of the women, 76 (36.40%), were in the 20-24 age group. Ninety seven (46.10%) of them were para 0. Eighty one (38.8%) of the women sustained various types of perineal trauma. Supine position during delivery was the most preferred position, in 201 (96.2%), of the women. Age of the mother, parity, infant birth weight, and history of previous trauma, were statistically significant, associated with trauma in the univariate analysis (p=0.013; p=0.000; p= 0.010; p= 0.033) respectively. Adjusting for other factors, the odds of sustaining perineal trauma increased with increased birth weight (OR 2.878; p= 0.005) and decreased with increasing parity (OR 0.037; p=0.000). The prevalence of perineal tears as revealed by the study was 38.8%. This study recommended evidence based practice during labour and delivery in order to improve pelvic floor outcomes as well as reduce operative deliveries and long term morbidities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Perineal Trauma among Women at a Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya

Kituku¹,

Getanda²,

Mwangi³

2019

JHMN

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“…In a study conducted in São Paulo, the infusion rates were 31% in the dilation stage and 25.8% in the expulsion stage (12) . In Ribeirão Preto, it was found that the use of oxytocin in the active labor phase was not a risk factor for first-and second-degree tears (13) . The use of this medication in this study indicates rational use in accordance with the institution's protocol, recommended for achieving the ideal uterine dynamics for each pregnant woman, without any negative repercussions on perineal outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In a maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), the rate of this procedure was 27.38% (5) , similar to the findings of the present study. In a study with 3,034 pregnant women who had full-term pregnancies, in Ribeirão Preto (SP), there was an unusual finding: the rupture of membranes 12 to 18 hours before the birth reduced the risk of perineal tears by almost 50% (13) . This association was not manifested in the data in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors related to perineal outcome after vaginal delivery in primiparas: a cross-sectional study

Souza

Farias

Ribeiro

et al. 2020

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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Objective: Identify the associations between perineal outcome in primiparas and interventions during labor and delivery, newborn weight and APGAR score. Method: Document-based, correlational, retrospective, quantitative study conducted in a tertiary maternity hospital in the state of Ceará, between July 2017 and January 2018. The independent variables were labor induction, amniotomy, non-pharmaceutical methods for relieving pain, forceps, episiotomy, Kristeller maneuver, position in the expulsion stage, shoulder dystocia, and newborn weight and APGAR score, and the dependent variable was perineal outcome. Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results: A total of 226 normal-risk primiparas who had a vaginal delivery. An association was found between horizontal position in the expulsion stage and episiotomy, and between not performing an episiotomy and perineal tearing. The other variables (labor, delivery and neonatal) did not have any effect on perineal tearing. Conclusion: Interventions, with the exception of episiotomies, did not have an influence on the occurrence of perineal trauma, but they do need to be carefully assessed. Deliveries in a horizontal position were associated with a higher likelihood of performing an episiotomy.

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“…A reparação cirúrgica inadequada pode afetar a prevalência de trauma nas mulheres durante o período pós-parto. A equipe de saúde necessita ter um olhar atento ao atendimento à mulher e tomar medidas profiláticas o quanto antes como, por exemplo, indicar o uso de cremes que melhoram a aparência e o aspecto da cicatriz, caso o resultado final não tenha sido como o desejado (24) . Evidências científicas mostram que o relacionamento sexual da mulher após a episiotomia, por vezes, torna-se um desafio, pois além de poder causar a dispareunia, alterações anatômicas e hematomas, pode também afetar negativamente a sua autoestima e o relacionamento sexual com o seu parceiro (18) .…”

Section: Se Desse Pra Ser Vista Com Biquíni Com Certeza"(lírio)unclassified

História Oral De Vida Temática De Mulheres Em Relação À Episiotomia

Camboim¹,

Alves²,

Leite³

et al. 2017

ACS

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Conflito de interesses: NãoContribuição dos autores: FEFC delineamento do estudo, discussão dos achados e orientação do projeto. KLA concepção, coleta, discussão dos achados e redação do manuscrito. KNSL interpretação dos dados e revisão crítica. RMVN delineamento do estudo e redação do manuscrito. SXO AbstractIntroduction: Pregnancy is a time of expectation responsible for promoting physical and psychological changes in women; therefore, it causes permanent changes to their way of life. It is essential that at the time of delivery the woman be aware of her rights, so that she feels safer and more confident and that labor takes place quietly. Objectives: Analyze the knowledge of women related to the practice of episiotomy; present the physical and emotional consequences of episiotomy, and report the importance of inform women about their rights during childbirth. Patients and Methods: This is a qualitative research, in which the Oral History of Thematic Life resource was used at the Maternidade Dr. Peregrino Filho, in the city of Patos, Paraíba State. The study involved five women who have been pregnant before, and were in the immediate puerperium period. They were 18 years-old and had experienced the procedure of episiotomy in previous pregnancies. Data collection was carried out after approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculdades Integradas de Patos. Results: When asked about the knowledge of the episiotomy, all the women reported unawareness about it. It was noted as main emotional feelings, the fear of performing some physical effort due to the presence of episiorrhaphy. As physical influences, the study participants indicated pain, difficulty in locomotion in the bed, burning, pruritus, difficulty urinating and evacuation, and dyspareunia as major physical discomforts. Conclusions: It was noticed that all study participants experienced some kind of physical and/or emotional consequence after that procedure of the episiotomy. The opinion about the episiotomy from all women was formed in a negative way. It was related to a "cut that is not good" and they would only do it again if it was really necessary.Descriptors: Episiotomy; Humanizing Delivery; Women's Health.

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Perineal trauma after vaginal delivery in healthy pregnant women

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Perineal Trauma among Women at a Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Perineal Trauma among Women at a Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya

Factors related to perineal outcome after vaginal delivery in primiparas: a cross-sectional study

História Oral De Vida Temática De Mulheres Em Relação À Episiotomia

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