Perinatal Risk and Psychiatric Outcome in Adolescents Born Preterm With Very Low Birth Weight or Term Small for Gestational Age

Indredavik, Marit S.; Vik, Torstein; Evensen, Kari Anne I.; Skranes, Jon; Taraldsen, Gunnar; Brubakk, Ann‐Mari

doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e3181d7b1d3

Cited by 118 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For example, a Norwegian study examined psychiatric outcomes in adolescents born preterm and VLBW and reported that LBW was associated with reduced psychosocial function and an increase in ADHD symptoms [27]. Similar to other epidemiological studies, these findings were significant after adjusting for confounding factors, including maternal mental illness, gender, and social economic status.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 66%

Malaria in Pregnancy: An Unrecognized Risk Factor for Neuropsychiatric Disease in Offspring?

Tran¹,

Weckman²,

Kain

2016

Pediatric Infect Dis

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The in vitro environment has a profound effect on offspring neurodevelopment. Insults to the foetus during pregnancy can disrupt neurodevelopmental processes culminating in neurochemical and behavioural abnormalities. A growing body of evidence supports a role for maternal infection in precipitating neuropsychiatric disease in offspring. Sincẽ 60% of pregnancies globally are at risk of malaria infection annually, we hypothesize that in utero exposure to malaria in pregnancy (MIP) may be a neglected risk factor for mental illness. We propose that the host response to infection makes an important contribution to this risk. MIP may mediate neuropathology via immune activation and inflammation in the placenta and consequent dysregulation of processes critical to fetal neurodevelopment including cerebral angiogenesis, neurogenesis, synaptic pruning, and neurochemical regulation.

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 66%

Malaria in Pregnancy: An Unrecognized Risk Factor for Neuropsychiatric Disease in Offspring?

Tran¹,

Weckman²,

Kain

2016

Pediatric Infect Dis

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“…Our findings are also in line with the previous studies showing more ASD symptoms or traits in children and adolescents born preterm. 12,21,24 Interestingly, and against our hypothesis, the VLBW group reported 0.3 SD units lower levels of exceptional attention to detail than those who were term-born. We also hypothesized that higher levels of ASD-related traits would be most characteristic of the VLBW young adults who were born SGA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…23 In comparison with relatively rare categorical diagnoses, assessing ASD-related traits as dimensions offers more detailed information on these behaviors, not only among those who have ASD, but across the whole population. In the few existing studies, children born at ,26 weeks of gestation were parent-and teacher-rated 21 and VLBW adolescents were self-and parent-rated 12,24 as having more ASD-related traits than term-born peers. It remains unknown if the effects of preterm birth on ASD-related traits persist into adulthood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Very Low Birth Weight, Infant Growth, and Autism-Spectrum Traits in Adulthood

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVES: We examined whether adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) differ from term-born adults in autism-spectrum traits, and whether among VLBW adults, growth in infancy is associated with these traits. METHODS: A total of 110 VLBW and 104 term-born adults of the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults completed the Autism-Spectrum Quotient yielding total, social interaction, and attention to detail sum scores. Growth in weight, length, and head circumference from birth to term and from term to 1 year of corrected age was determined as standardized residuals reflecting growth conditional on previous history. RESULTS: VLBW adults scored higher than term-born controls on social interaction sum score, indicating higher autism-spectrum traits. In contrast, they scored lower on attention to detail sum score, indicating lower autism-spectrum traits. Within the VLBW group, faster growth in weight, length, and head circumference from birth to term was associated with lower total and social interaction sum scores. In this group, growth from term to 1 year was not associated with autism-spectrum traits. CONCLUSIONS: Among those born preterm at VLBW, the risk for higher levels of autism-spectrum traits, particularly related to social interaction, may persist into adulthood. Faster growth from birth to term may ameliorate these effects, suggesting that targeted interventions could aid long-term neurodevelopment.

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“…[13] Differences in population denominators can result in wide variation in outcomes, and the study of birth weight-defined cohorts may confound results with the inclusion of babies born small for gestational age (SGA), which may be associated with different behavioural outcomes. [14,15] Different assessment tools and ages at assessment can also result in varying prevalence estimates for both symptoms and disorders, especially in the case of mental health assessments. In particular, the use of self-report versus informant ratings can produce widely different outcomes.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural outcomes and psychopathology during adolescence

Johnson¹,

Wolke²

2013

Early Human Development

124

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Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of residual neurodevelopmental disability and cognitive impairment. These problems are closely associated with psychiatric disorders and thus it is unsurprising that preterm birth also confers high risk for poor long-term mental health. The risk associated with preterm birth is not a general one, but appears to be specific to symptoms and disorders associated with anxiety, inattention and social and communication problems, and manifest in a significantly higher prevalence of emotional disorders, ADHD and Autism. Adolescence is a key period for mental health and studies have shown that problems evident in childhood persist over this time and are more stable among preterm individuals than term-born peers. There is also modest evidence for an increased prevalence of psychotic symptoms in preterm adolescents. The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, present in around 25% of preterm adolescents, requires long term screening and intervention.Keywords: preterm; behavior; autism spectrum disorders; ADHD; anxiety; psychiatric disorders. documented the continuing rise in global preterm birth rates and highlighted prematurity as a major cause of long term loss of human potential amongst survivors throughout the world. With concurrent improvements in survival rates for babies born at extremely low gestations [2], growing numbers of children will exert increasing demands on schools, societies and healthcare systems in coming years. An understanding of the long term sequelae of preterm birth is important for the provision of appropriate ongoing care for individuals and for service planning at the population level.This is the case not just for neonatal services, but also for child and adolescent mental health services and education systems. Preterm birth is associated with a high risk of residual disability across multiple functional domains which affects individuals throughout their lifespan.[3] Whilst severe neurosensory disabilities were once thought to be the major adverse outcomes, populationbased cohort studies have shown that cognitive deficits and behaviour, social and emotional problems are far more prevalent and account for a substantial proportion of long term impairment.[4-6] Increasingly, it is recognised that these problems are not confined to a small cluster of individuals with the most severe adverse outcomes but affect a large proportion of preterm survivors to a greater or lesser degree. In this paper we review literature pertaining to the nature and severity of behaviour, emotional and social problems and psychiatric disorders in adolescents born preterm. Adolescence and mental healthAdolescence is typically determined using chronological age and is defined by the World HealthOrganisation as the period from 10 to 19 years of age. It is a time of rapid growth and development marking the transition from childhood to adulthood, during which individuals experience major physical, social and emotional changes. The biological and physical maturation a...

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Perinatal Risk and Psychiatric Outcome in Adolescents Born Preterm With Very Low Birth Weight or Term Small for Gestational Age

Cited by 118 publications

References 31 publications

Malaria in Pregnancy: An Unrecognized Risk Factor for Neuropsychiatric Disease in Offspring?

Malaria in Pregnancy: An Unrecognized Risk Factor for Neuropsychiatric Disease in Offspring?

Very Low Birth Weight, Infant Growth, and Autism-Spectrum Traits in Adulthood

Behavioural outcomes and psychopathology during adolescence

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