Perinatal Factors and Risk of Breast Cancer

Sanderson, Maureen; Williams, Michelle A.; Malone, Kathleen E.; Stanford, Janet L.; Emanuel, Irvin; White, Emily; Daling, Janet R.

doi:10.1097/00001648-199601000-00007

Cited by 190 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These studies show that women who were exposed to high foetal oestrogenic environment; that is, had a high birth weight or are twins, are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer (Braun et al, 1995;Michels et al, 1996;Sanderson et al, 1996;Weiss et al, 1997). At a particularly high risk are twins whose birth weight was high (Hubinette et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In utero alcohol exposure increases mammary tumorigenesis in rats

et al. 2004

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Findings in humans and animal models suggest that in utero hormonal and dietary exposures increase later breast cancer risk. Since alcohol intake by adult women consistently increases their breast cancer risk, we wondered whether maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy increases female offspring's mammary tumorigenesis. In our study, pregnant female rats were pair-fed isocaloric diets containing either 0 (control), 16 or 25 g alcohol kg À1 feed between days 7 and 19 of gestation. These alcohol exposures generate blood alcohol levels that correspond to low and moderate alcohol consumption and are lower than those that induce foetal alcohol syndrome. Serum oestradiol levels were elevated in pregnant rats exposed to alcohol (Po0.003). When adult, female offspring of alcohol-exposed dams developed significantly more 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene -induced mammary tumours, compared to the controls (tumour multiplicity; mean7s.e.m., controls: 2.070.3, 16 g alcohol: 2.770.4 and 25 g alcohol: 3.770.4; Po0.006). In addition, the mammary epithelial tree of the alcohol-exposed offspring was denser (Po0.004) and contained more structures that are susceptible for the initiation of breast cancer (Po0.001). Immunohistochemical assessment indicated that the mammary glands of 22-week-old in utero alcohol-exposed rats contained elevated levels of oestrogen receptor-a (Po0.04) that is consistent with the changes in mammary gland morphology. In summary, maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy increases female offspring's mammary tumorigenesis, perhaps by programming the foetal mammary gland to exhibit persistent alterations in morphology and gene expression. It remains to be determined whether an increase in pregnancy oestradiol levels mediated alcohol's effects on offspring's mammary tumorigenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In utero alcohol exposure increases mammary tumorigenesis in rats

et al. 2004

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“…Recent studies have found that women who were born after preeclamptic pregnancies have a reduced risk of breast cancer in adult life (Ekbom et al, 1992(Ekbom et al, , 1997Sanderson et al, 1996). Several studies have also suggested that low birth weight may be associated with reduced breast cancer risk (Ekbom et al, 1992;Michels et al, 1996;Stavola et al, 2000).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-foetoprotein in umbilical cord in relation to severe pre-eclampsia, birth weight and future breast cancer risk

et al. 2002

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Women born after pre-eclamptic pregnancies have been reported to be at reduced risk of breast cancer as adults, because of reduced intrauterine oestrogen influence on breast tissue; high levels of a-foetoprotein (a glycoprotein with anti-oestrogenic properties), however, could also be important. In severe pre-eclampsia, placental function and foetal growth are reduced, and umbilical cord plasma levels of a-foetoprotein could reflect the underlying processes. Umbilical cord blood was collected in 12 804 consecutive deliveries. Among 307 pregnancies with clinical pre-eclampsia, 66 singleton pregnancies were identified as clinically severe, and 610 singleton pregnancies were selected as controls. Oestradiol and a-foetoprotein were measured from umbilical plasma, and birth weight was standardized as the ratio between the observed and expected birth weight, adjusted for differences in gestation length and offspring sex. Cord plasma levels of a-foetoprotein were significantly higher in severe pre-eclampsia than controls (P50.01) after adjustment for gestational age and birth weight. For oestradiol, there was no difference in cord plasma levels between the severe pre-eclampsia group and controls, after adjustment for length of gestation and birth weight. These results suggest that an anti-oestrogenic effect associated with pre-eclampsia may be mediated through high levels of a-foetoprotein rather than low levels of oestradiol.

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“…Conversely, high adolescent (Coates et al, 1999;Hislop et al, 1986;Le Marchand et al, 1988a), early adult (Coates et al, 1999;Huang et al, 1997;Trentham-Dietz et al, 1997) and adult weight or body mass index (Brinton and Swanson, 1992;Huang et al, 1997;Swanson et al, 1996;Ursin et al, 1995;van den Brandt et al, 2000) appear to be protective against premenopausal breast cancer. Several studies have investigated the association between breast cancer and weight at birth (De Stavola et al, 2000;Ekbom et al, 1992Ekbom et al, , 1997Innes et al, 2000;Le Marchand et al, 1988b;Michels et al, 1996;Sanderson et al, 1996Sanderson et al, , 1998a or weight at adolescence (Brinton and Swanson, 1992;Choi et al, 1978;Coates et al, 1999;Franceschi et al, 1996;Hislop et al, 1986;Le Marchand et al, 1988a;Pryor et al, 1989) with inconsistent findings. Possible limitations of these studies related to exposure measurement and age at diagnosis of breast cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Weight at birth and adolescence and premenopausal breast cancer risk in a low-risk population

et al. 2002

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We assessed breast cancer risk in relation to weight at birth and adolescence. In-person interviews were completed with the biological mothers of women aged 45 years and younger who participated in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study in 1996 -98 (288 cases, 350 controls). After adjustment for confounding, women who were 4000 g or more at birth were not at increased risk of breast cancer (odds ratio=0.7; 95% confidence interval 0.4 -1.4) relative to women whose birth weight was 2500 -2999 g. Compared with women of average perceived weight at age 15 years, no relation was apparent for heavier than average weight based on maternal report (odds ratio=0.7; 95% confidence interval 0.5 -1.2) or self-report (odds ratio=1.0; 95% confidence interval 0.7 -1.6). Perceived adolescent weight and height did not modify the association of birth weight with breast cancer risk. These results suggest that weight early in life is not related to premenopausal breast cancer risk in this low-risk population. (Ekbom et al, 1992;Innes et al, 2000;Michels et al, 1996;Sanderson et al, 1996). Conversely, high adolescent (Coates et al, 1999;Hislop et al, 1986;Le Marchand et al, 1988a), early adult (Coates et al, 1999;Huang et al, 1997;Trentham-Dietz et al, 1997) and adult weight or body mass index (Brinton and Swanson, 1992;Huang et al, 1997;Swanson et al, 1996;Ursin et al, 1995;van den Brandt et al, 2000) appear to be protective against premenopausal breast cancer. Several studies have investigated the association between breast cancer and weight at birth (De Stavola et al, 2000;Ekbom et al, 1992Ekbom et al, , 1997Innes et al, 2000;Le Marchand et al, 1988b;Michels et al, 1996;Sanderson et al, 1996Sanderson et al, , 1998a or weight at adolescence (Brinton and Swanson, 1992;Choi et al, 1978;Coates et al, 1999;Franceschi et al, 1996;Hislop et al, 1986;Le Marchand et al, 1988a;Pryor et al, 1989) with inconsistent findings. Possible limitations of these studies related to exposure measurement and age at diagnosis of breast cancer.Since self-report of body size in early life is prone to misclassification, maternal report may be less subjective. Maternal report was available for two of the studies investigating breast cancer risk associated with birth weight (Michels et al, 1996;Sanderson et al, 1998a), but none of the studies of adolescent weight. The present analysis was conducted to assess whether birth weight and adolescent weight as reported by subjects' mothers were related to premenopausal breast cancer risk. In addition, we investigated whether perceived adolescent weight and height modified the association of birth weight with breast cancer risk. MATERIALS AND METHODSDetailed methods of this population-based case -control study appear elsewhere (Gao et al, 2000). Briefly, all women aged 25 -64 years who were permanent residents of urban Shanghai at the time of diagnosis of first primary invasive breast cancer (August 1996 through March 1998) were eligible for the study. Two senior pathologists histologically confirmed all diagnoses. We used...

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Perinatal Factors and Risk of Breast Cancer

Cited by 190 publications

References 35 publications

In utero alcohol exposure increases mammary tumorigenesis in rats

In utero alcohol exposure increases mammary tumorigenesis in rats

Alpha-foetoprotein in umbilical cord in relation to severe pre-eclampsia, birth weight and future breast cancer risk

Weight at birth and adolescence and premenopausal breast cancer risk in a low-risk population

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