Perinatal factors affecting platelet parameters in late preterm and term neonates

Abstract

Platelets parameters including platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are associated with various physiological and pathological functions in various disease. However, few studies have addressed whether perinatal factors may be associated with platelet parameters at birth in a large cohort of late preterm and term neonates. The aim of this study to investigate perinatal factors affecting platelet parameters in late preterm and term neonates. We retrospectively investigated platelet parameters including PLT, PCT, MPV, and PDW on the first day of life in 142 late preterm and 258 term neonates admitted to our NICU from 2006 through 2020. PLT, MPV, PCT, PDW on Day 0 did not significantly differ between the two groups. In term neonates, multivariate analysis revealed that PCT correlated with being small for gestational age (SGA) (β = -0.168, P = 0.006), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (β = -0.135, P = 0.026) and male sex (β = -0.185, P = 0.002). PLT was associated with SGA (β = -0.186, P = 0.002), PIH (β = -0.137, P = 0.024) and male sex (β = -0.166, P = 0.006). In late preterm neonates, multivariate analysis revealed that PLT were associated with PIH, whereas no factors associated with PDW and MPV were found. In all patients studied, chorioamnionitis (CAM) was significantly associated with MPV (CAM = 10.3 fL vs. no CAM = 9.7 fL, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that SGA, male sex and PIH were associated with PCT and PLT. This study demonstrates that different maternal and neonatal complications affect platelet parameters in late preterm and term neonates.

The Value of Platelet Volume Parameters and Procalcitonin in the Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis

“…Go et al has conducted a large cohort study that showed no differences in platelet volume parameters at birth between late-preterm and term neonates. 11 However, previous report by Alicja et al indicated that platelet count and plateletcrit were lower in late-preterm neonates compared with term neonates. 12 In our study, Regarding MPV, it was significantly higher in sepsis group than in control group (P-value <0.0001).…”

Assessment of Hemostatic Profile in Neonates with Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review of Literature

“…In platelet-consuming diseases, the bone marrow compensates by enhancing megakaryopoiesis and releasing into the bloodstream larger and immature forms of platelets, leading to higher MPV and IPF values. 10 26 42 Several studies tested the IPF% values in thrombocytopenic neonates and detected low IPF% in IUGR neonates, 50 51 52 strengthening the assumption of hyporegenerative thrombocytopenia.…”

“…As a consequence of inadequate oxygenation, in utero blood flow to the liver is diminished affecting the liver's size and function, and thus also platelet production. 8,42,60 The hyporegenerative nature of IUGR thrombocytopenia is also underlined by the values of MPV and IPF. In plateletconsuming diseases, the bone marrow compensates by enhancing megakaryopoiesis and releasing into the bloodstream larger and immature forms of platelets, leading to higher MPV and IPF values.…”

“…As a consequence of inadequate oxygenation, in utero blood flow to the liver is diminished affecting the liver's size and function, and thus also platelet production. 8 42 60…”

“…Go et al, 42 in a retrospective study of 400 neonates, reported that preterm and term SGA neonates had significantly lower platelet count and plateletcrit compared with AGA. Similar are the results of Wasiluk et al, 43 who not only reported lower platelet count and plateletcrit in term SGA neonates but also a higher MPV in the SGA group.…”