Perinatal and neonatal outcomes of pregestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study

Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to evaluate maternal-foetal and neonatal clinical outcomes in a group of patients with pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) such as diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1), diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), and maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY).MethodsOverall, 174 pregnant women, nulliparous and multiparous, with single pregnancy were enrolled. The selected patients were divided into two groups: PGDM (42 with DM1, 14 with DM2, and 2 with MODY); 116 patients with a negative pathological history of diabetes mellitus were the control.ResultsWe reported an incidence of preterm delivery of 55.2% in the PGDM group, of 59.5% in the DM1 group, and 42.9% in the DM2 group VS. 6% in the controls. Foetal growth disorders, such as intrauterine growth retardation, small for gestational age, and foetal macrosomia were found in 19% and 3.6% in the case and in the control group, respectively. A relationship between DM2 and gestational hypertension was found.Conclusionspatients with PGDM are at increased risk of perinatal and neonatal complications in comparison with pregnant women without PGDM.

Complicaciones materno-fetales de la diabetes gestacional

“…Vol. 8 El sobrepeso y la obesidad son factores de riesgo asociados para DMG, una mujer con obesidad tiene más de 4 veces la probabilidad y alrededor de 16 veces mayor riesgo para desarrollar la patología, comparada con aquellas con peso normal. Las gestantes > de 30 años tienen 5 veces más posibilidad de riesgo de presentar DMG comparada con las mujeres menores de 20 años .…”

“…Vol. 8 En un estudio de cohorte prospectivo con 694 participantes, las mujeres con DMG mostraron un mayor riesgo de complicaciones, parto por cesárea, hipertensión inducida por el embarazo, rotura prematura de membrana, hemorragia anteparto y hemorragia posparto.…”