Perilla (Perilla frutescens) leaf extract inhibits SARS-CoV-2 via direct virus inactivation

Tang, Wen-Fang; Tsai, Hui-Ping; Chang, Yu‐Hsin; Chang, Tein‐Yao; Hsieh, Chung-Fan; Lin, Chiou–Feng; Lin, Guan-Hua; Chen, Yuli; Jheng, Jia-Rong; Liu, Ping‐Cheng; Yang, Chuen-Mi; Chin, Yuan‐Fan; Chen, Cheng Cheung; Kau, Jyh-Hwa; Hung, Yi‐Jen; Hsieh, Ping-Han; Horng, Jim-Tong

doi:10.1016/j.bj.2021.01.005

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Perilla ( Perilla frutescens L.) is an annual herbaceous plant in the Lamiaceae family. It has been cultivated widely in China, India, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and in many other Asian countries as a source of edible oil, protein, and fiber [ 1 ] with various biological properties such as antiviral [ 2 , 3 ], anti-inflammatory [ 4 ], and antioxidant [ 2 , 5 ] effects. Perilla oil consists of 90.60% total unsaturated fatty acids, 17.90% monounsaturated fatty acid, and 72.70% polyunsaturated fatty acids [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Perilla Cake Supplementation in Growing Pig on Productive Performance, Meat Quality, and Fatty Acid Profiles

Arjin

Souphannavong

Norkeaw

et al. 2021

Animals

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of perilla cake (PC) supplementation in a growing pig diet on overall growing performance, meat quality, and fatty acid profile. A total of 24 barrow grower crossbred pigs (Large White × Landrace) × Duroc with an initial average body weight of 26.33 kg were fed with a basal diet supplemented with PC at 0%, 5%, and 10% in (PC0, PC5, and PC10, respectively) for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, pigs were slaughtered to determine carcass traits and meat quality. Back fat, abdominal fat, and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were collected to investigate fatty acid composition. The results show that the average daily gain (ADG) in the PC10 significantly increased. However, PC supplementation did not influence carcass traits and meat quality except the color as described by lightness (L*). Dietary PC supplementation significantly increased the α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3 cis-9, 12, 15), whereas n6/n3 ratio decreased significantly in all tissues investigated. Thus, it can be concluded that the supplementation of PC in growing pig diet is a potential way to increase the fatty acid composition to that required for healthier meat.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Perilla Cake Supplementation in Growing Pig on Productive Performance, Meat Quality, and Fatty Acid Profiles

Arjin

Souphannavong

Norkeaw

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Platycodin D from Platycodon grandi orum, has been recently identi ed to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection via inhibition of lysosome-and TMPRSS2-driven SARS-CoV-2-entry by disrupting the host-cell membrane cholesterol 33 . Leaf extracts of Perilla frutescens prevents SARS-CoV-2 viral entry into host cells by inactivating the virus and showed a synergetic improvement when treated in combination with remdesivir 34 . Preclinical animal studies on Chrysanthemum morifolium has proven their e ciency in treating lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury in mice due to their ability to balance levels of pro-in ammatory and anti-in ammatory factors, and inhibition of free radicals generation 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Herbal Formulation Jing Si Exhibits Multiple Functions to Inhibit Replication Activity and Subsides Viral Load of COVID-19 Variants

Lin

Chiang

Shibu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: SARS-CoV-2 is susceptible to frequent mutations and gets transformed into variants therefore identifying novel multi targeting remedies is necessary in formulating strategies to overcome the pandemic. Methods: Traditional Chinese medicine based formula Jing Si herbal (JSH) was screened and analyzed by HPLC to evaluate its ability to act against infection by SARS-CoV-2 variants. The 3CL protease and RdRp assay kit were utilized to detect the enzyme activity. In order to determine the effect of JSH on the binding efficiency and viral penetration of SARS-CoV-2 variants, Calu-3 lung cells and Caco-2 colon cells were infected with fluorescent SARS-CoV-2 pseudo type lentiviruses. In addition, the effect of JSH (16.22 mg /mice/day and 48.66 mg/mice/day) on the viral load in SKH1J mice exposed to inhalation of luminescent SARS-CoV-2 variants for three days was determined. Results: The JSH was found to be effective in inhibiting the viral entry into Calu-3 and Caco-2 cells and in mice pre-treated with JSH for 3 days also inhibited the viral load exposed to different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Interestingly, JSH also decreased 3cL and RdRp activity thereby revealing the multi targeting nature of JSH and therefore will be a potential preventive SARS-CoV-2 infection.Conclusion: Taken together, our present results revealed that JSH could be a potential candidate for COVID-19 treatment.

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“…PLE also manages to impede viral entry by turning off the SARS-CoV-2 virion, i.e., spike protein. It is worth mentioning that PLE together with remdesivir achieves synergistic effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 [103] . In addition, computational modeling and an in vivo study suggested that P. folium was efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 infection by decreasing the viral-induced cytopathogenic effect (CPE) of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells and reducing the viral load, thus showing a good antiviral effect as a potential herbal candidate against SARS-CoV-2 [105] .…”

Section: Possible Therapeutic Effects Of the Herbs In Jshd For Covid-19 Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, its seeds can eradicate phlegm, reduce Qi, comfort cough, and mitigate constipation. The leaves are good at boosting Qi, expelling heat, and tonifying stomach function [ 103 , 104 ].…”

Section: Possible Therapeutic Effects Of the Herbs In Jshd For Covid-19 Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jing Si Herbal Drink as a prospective adjunctive therapy for COVID-19 treatment: Molecular evidence and mechanisms

Tseng

Lee

et al. 2022

Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine

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Background : SARS-CoV-2 has led to a sharp increase in the number of hospitalizations and deaths from pneumonia and multiorgan disease worldwide; therefore, SARS-CoV-2 has become a global health problem. Supportive therapies remain the mainstay treatments against COVID-19, such as oxygen inhalation, antiviral drugs, and antibiotics. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown clinically to relieve the symptoms of COVID-19 infection, and TCMs can affect the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro . Jing Si Herbal Drink (JSHD), an eight herb formula jointly developed by Tzu Chi University and Tzu Chi Hospital, has shown potential as an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19 infection. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of JSHD as an adjuvant treatment in patients with COVID-19 infection is underway Objectives : This article aims to explore the efficacy of the herbs in JSHD against COVID-19 infection from a mechanistic standpoint and provide a reference for the rational utilization of JSHD in the treatment of COVID-19. Method : We compiled evidence of the herbs in JSHD to treat COVID-19 in vivo and in vitro . Results : We described the efficacy and mechanism of action of the active ingredients in JSHD to treat COVID-19 based on experimental evidence. JSHD includes 5 antiviral herbs, 7 antioxidant herbs, and 7 anti-inflammatory herbs. In addition, 2 herbs inhibit the overactive immune system, 1 herb reduces cell apoptosis, and 1 herb possesses antithrombotic ability. Conclusion : Although experimental data have confirmed that the ingredients in JSHD are effective against COVID-19, more rigorously designed studies are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of JSHD as a COVID-19 treatment.

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Perilla (Perilla frutescens) leaf extract inhibits SARS-CoV-2 via direct virus inactivation

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Dietary Perilla Cake Supplementation in Growing Pig on Productive Performance, Meat Quality, and Fatty Acid Profiles

Effects of Dietary Perilla Cake Supplementation in Growing Pig on Productive Performance, Meat Quality, and Fatty Acid Profiles

Novel Herbal Formulation Jing Si Exhibits Multiple Functions to Inhibit Replication Activity and Subsides Viral Load of COVID-19 Variants

Jing Si Herbal Drink as a prospective adjunctive therapy for COVID-19 treatment: Molecular evidence and mechanisms

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