Peridomicillary peculiarities of rural communities  in Goiás-Brazil, with families affected by arboviruses

Abstract

Arboviral diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya infect populations in countries with predominantly tropical and subtropical environments, where their vectors are adapted. This research aimed to identify potential favorable sites to Aedes aegypti reproduction at rural communities where dengue, Zika and chikungunya prevalence is high, geographically located in Goiás-Brazil, and to analyze the relationship between breeding sites quantity and these three arboviruses seroprevalence. In 137 families from 13 rural communities, information was obtained between October/2021 and November/2021. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively trough Pearson's correlation and Cluster analysis. 92.7% of the households, possessed, at least one potential mosquito breeding ground. Water containers, despite of being uncovered, retain water and create an ideal environment for mosquito's evolutionary cycle. Potential breeding grounds were observed related, mainly, to the lack or absence of precariousness of basic sanitation services. The community with the highest number of breeding grounds and suspected vectors of Aedes aegypti was also the one that resulted in the highest number of patients with dengue fever. The presence of places for Aedes aegypti development in the studied environment may be responsible for arboviruses spread, affecting a significant part of the population. Therefore, the present study might warn municipal health authorities for implementing public policies such universal sanitation, as a measure that indirectly provides vector control especially Aedes aegypti, when it also proliferates in rural areas, risking the population health.