Periaxonal and nodal plasticity modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain

Cullen, Carlie L.; Pepper, Renee E; Clutterbuck, Mackenzie T.; Pitman, Kimberley A; Oorschot, Viola; Auderset, Loic; Tang, Alexander D.; Ramm, Georg; Emery, Ben; Rodger, Jennifer; Jolivet, Renaud; Young, Karen

doi:10.1101/726760

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Although most work has focused the longitudinal current flow along the interior of the axon, a recent study indicates that conduction velocity is also influenced by current flow through the periaxonal space between the innermost myelin wrap and the axon ( Cohen et al, 2020 ). This may prove to be highly significant in light of findings that the width of this space is regulated by neuronal activity and during learning ( Cullen et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Myelinating Glia Organize the Axonmentioning

confidence: 91%

Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions in the Structure and Integrity of Axons

Duncan

Simkins

Emery

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The myelination of axons by oligodendrocytes is a highly complex cell-to-cell interaction. Oligodendrocytes and axons have a reciprocal signaling relationship in which oligodendrocytes receive cues from axons that direct their myelination, and oligodendrocytes subsequently shape axonal structure and conduction. Oligodendrocytes are necessary for the maturation of excitatory domains on the axon including nodes of Ranvier, help buffer potassium, and support neuronal energy metabolism. Disruption of the oligodendrocyte-axon unit in traumatic injuries, Alzheimer’s disease and demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis results in axonal dysfunction and can culminate in neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which demyelination and loss of oligodendrocytes compromise axons. We highlight the intra-axonal cascades initiated by demyelination that can result in irreversible axonal damage. Both the restoration of oligodendrocyte myelination or neuroprotective therapies targeting these intra-axonal cascades are likely to have therapeutic potential in disorders in which oligodendrocyte support of axons is disrupted.

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Section: Myelinating Glia Organize the Axonmentioning

confidence: 91%

Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions in the Structure and Integrity of Axons

Duncan

Simkins

Emery

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Conduction also depends on myelin sheath thickness and internodal length [ 192 , 193 ] both of which are linearly related to axon diameter. The size and structure of nodes of Ranvier, as well as Na v channel density, also influence conduction speed [ 132 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 ]. Pathological conditions, alter these parameters and so degrade axonal conduction [ 180 ].…”

Section: Myelin Axonal Conduction and Neural Circuit Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Communication between excitatory neurons and oligodendrocytes is now known to shape myelination and circuit maturation during experience- or learning-induced tasks in adults [ 4 , 123 , 217 , 218 , 219 ]. New myelin is formed and existing internodes are also remodeled, as well as the width of periaxonal space and the length of node of Ranvier [ 197 , 220 , 221 ]. These parameters adjustment alters action potential propagation and contributes to promote coincident arrival of synaptic inputs from multiple axons in target regions and improve the fidelity of signal transmission.…”

Section: Myelin Axonal Conduction and Neural Circuit Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuron–Oligodendrocyte Communication in Myelination of Cortical GABAergic Cells

Mazuir

Fricker

Sol‐Foulon

2021

Life

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Axonal myelination by oligodendrocytes increases the speed and reliability of action potential propagation, and so plays a pivotal role in cortical information processing. The extent and profile of myelination vary between different cortical layers and groups of neurons. Two subtypes of cortical GABAergic neurons are myelinated: fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing cells and somatostatin-containing cells. The expression of pre-nodes on the axon of these inhibitory cells before myelination illuminates communication between oligodendrocytes and neurons. We explore the consequences of myelination for action potential propagation, for patterns of neuronal connectivity and for the expression of behavioral plasticity.

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“…propagating APs at successive gaps in the myelin sheath (Susuki et al, 2013;Castelfranco and Hartline, 2016). Recent work has implicated nodes of Ranvier as potential sites for plasticity (Ford et al, 2015;Arancibia-Cárcamo et al, 2017;Dutta et al, 2018;Cullen et al, 2021). We measured nodes of Ranvier in the LOT following 30 days of UNO.…”

Section: Nodes Of Ranvier Allow For Fast Saltatory Conduction Along Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitable axonal domains adapt to sensory deprivation in the olfactory system

Restrepo

2021

Preprint

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The axon initial segment, nodes of Ranvier, and the oligodendrocyte-derived myelin sheath have significant influence on the firing patterns of neurons and the faithful, coordinated transmission of action potentials to downstream brain regions. In the olfactory bulb, olfactory discrimination tasks lead to adaptive changes in cell firing patterns, and the output signals must reliably travel large distances to other brain regions along highly myelinated tracts. Whether myelinated axons adapt to facilitate olfactory sensory processing is unknown. Here, we investigate the morphology and physiology of mitral cell axons in the adult olfactory system, and show that unilateral sensory deprivation causes system-wide adaptations in axons. Mitral cell spiking patterns and action potentials also adapted to sensory deprivation. Strikingly, both axonal morphology and mitral cell physiology were altered on both the deprived and non-deprived sides, indicating system level adaptations to reduced sensory input. Our work demonstrates a previously unstudied mechanism of plasticity in the olfactory system.

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Periaxonal and nodal plasticity modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions in the Structure and Integrity of Axons

Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions in the Structure and Integrity of Axons

Neuron–Oligodendrocyte Communication in Myelination of Cortical GABAergic Cells

Excitable axonal domains adapt to sensory deprivation in the olfactory system

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