Peri-Implantitis: A Clinical Update on Prevalence and Surgical Treatment Outcomes

Abstract

Dental implants may be considered a reliable routine procedure in clinical practice for the replacement of missing teeth. Results from long-term studies indicate that implant-supported dental prostheses constitute a predictable treatment method for the management of fully and partially edentulous patients. Implants and their restorations, however, are not free from biological complications. In fact, peri-implantitis, defined as progressive bone loss associated to clinical inflammation, is not a rare finding nowadays. This constitutes a concern for clinicians and patients given the negative impact on the quality of life and the sequelae originated by peri-implantitis lesions. The purpose of this narrative review is to report on the prevalence of peri-implantitis and to overview the indications, contraindications, complexity, predictability and effectiveness of the different surgical therapeutic modalities to manage this disorder.

Influence of Implant-Abutment Contact Surfaces and Prosthetic Screw Tightening on the Stress Concentration, Fatigue Life and Microgap Formation: A Finite Element Analysis

“…However, when the stress magnitude increases in some areas, it usually decreases in other areas. In this investigation, the screw displayed a lower stress magnitude in these models, which could be considered a positive behavior, since the fracture or loosening of the screw has been reported as one of the most common mechanical failures in this prosthetic system [2,3,10,17,36]. For this reason, the use of original abutments is recommended, as it will probably result in a more accurate connection fit with the implant [12].…”

“…Dental implants remain an important treatment option for the replacement of a missing tooth or teeth, as the success rate approximates 90% [1]. Osseointegration is a necessary requirement for the treatment modality [2], but may be jeopardized by peri-implantitis, which is a pathological cause of bone loss [3]. Peri-implantitis may result from several factors [3], including a poor implant-abutment interface, which could act as a facilitating factor in some cases.…”

“…The implant-abutment interface and peri-implantitis are correlated as bacterial plaque may accumulate at the level of the interface [3,4]. In cases where voids are present in the connection joint, they can be colonized by bacteria and form a bacterial reservoir that would subsequently contaminate the implant's surroundings, negatively affecting the health of the peri-implant tissues [2].…”

Methods of Topical Administration of Drugs and Biological Active Substances for Dental Implants—A Narrative Review

“…It is due to the specific etiology factors causing this condition. These factors are sometimes non-changeable such as the implant insertion technique and position, implant surface, primitive implant–abutment connection, soft tissue conditions, prosthetic superstructure design or the disturbing foreign body equilibrium between the host immune system and the implant device [ 114 , 115 ].…”

Peri-implant disease: early diagnosis and non-surgical treatment—a narrative literature review

“…For non-responsive sites especially in advanced peri-implantitis, surgical interventions may be necessary to further eradicate the residual disease (95). The surgical interventions include, but not limited to, traditional open flap debridement with or without resective surgery, contemporary peri-implant guided bone regenerative therapy or combination of both modalities (96)(97)(98). Following the successful resolution of peri-implant diseases or even the initial completion of implant therapy (i.e., delivery of implant restoration), patients should receive regular implant maintenance therapy.…”