Perfusion change in benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after castration in a canine model: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography and CT perfusion study

Yoon, Sooa; Alfajaro, Mia Madel; Cho, Kyoung-Oh; Choi, Ung Su; Je, Hyejin; Jung, Jin‐Woo; Jang, Youjung; Choi, Jihye

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.026

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Benign prostatic hyperplasia in dogs and humans has an unclear pathogenesis but may be due to increased intraprostatic dihydrotestosterone. 47 In male ferrets, prostatomegaly is associated with adrenocortical disease. Although the exact pathogenesis is unclear, increased sex hormone levels are believed to stimulate proliferation of prostatic tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Lenord²,

Lau

et al. 2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary A 7-year-old male neutered domestic longhair cat was presented with chronic progressive gynaecomastia, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss and poor fur regrowth. Sexualised behavioural changes were not reported and virilisation was not present on physical examination. Pertinent haematology, biochemistry and urinalysis findings at the time of referral included mild hypokalaemia. Left adrenomegaly and mild prostatomegaly were identified on a CT scan. Evaluation of adrenal hormones with a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, serum progesterone, testosterone, oestradiol, plasma aldosterone, renin, plasma metanephrine and normetanephrine measurement supported a diagnosis of hyperprogesteronism, hyperaldosteronism and hypercortisolism. Adrenalectomy was performed and histopathology was consistent with an adrenocortical tumour. Clinical signs and hormone elevations resolved postoperatively. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the second report of gynaecomastia secondary to an adrenal tumour in a male neutered cat and the first associated with hyperprogesteronism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Lenord²,

Lau

et al. 2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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“…Experimental testosterone deprivation orchiectomy studies showed induced changes to the prostate of rats, and testosterone replacement therapy was effective in reversing such alterations [294]. In two 60-day studies, canine orchiectomy lowered prostate vascularisation [295] and blood volume [296].…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Etiology and Pathophysiology Genesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A New Perspective

Phua

2021

Medicines

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Background: The etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are unknown, with ageing being the greatness risk factor. Methods: This new perspective evaluates the available interdisciplinary evidence regarding prostate ageing in terms of the cell biology of regulation and homeostasis, which could explain the timeline of evolutionary cancer biology as degenerative, inflammatory and neoplasm progressions in these multifactorial and heterogeneous prostatic diseases. Results: This prostate ageing degeneration hypothesis encompasses the testosterone-vascular-inflamm-ageing triad, along with the cell biology regulation of amyloidosis and autophagy within an evolutionary tumorigenesis microenvironment. Conclusions: An understanding of these biological processes of prostate ageing can provide potential strategies for early prevention and could contribute to maintaining quality of life for the ageing individual along with substantial medical cost savings.

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“…Anti-androgenic therapeutics imply nitric oxide downregulation and are known to cause reductions in hemodynamics ( Angrimani et al, 2020 ; Yoon et al, 2020 ), microvascular density (hypovascularity) ( Hochberg et al, 2002 ; Donohue et al, 2005 ; Khwaja et al, 2016 ; Sun et al, 2018 ; Khera et al, 2020 ), and inflammation ( Saylor et al, 2012 ; Hoogland et al, 2021 ; Nazha and Bilen, 2021 ). Finasteride-related anti-androgenic therapy is associated with an increased risk of higher-grade prostate cancer ( Scailteux et al, 2019 ; Hu et al, 2020 ), erectile dysfunction ( Fertig et al, 2017 ), and the post-finasteride syndrome of adverse side effects ( Gupta M. A. et al, 2020 ; Diviccaro et al, 2020 ; Traish, 2020 ; Howell et al, 2021 ; Saengmearnuparp et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Middle-aging Hypovascularity Hypoxia Hypothesis Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis

Phua

2023

Front. Aging

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Aging-related hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation pathophysiology are closely associated with human age-related carcinogenesis and chronic diseases. However, the connection between hypoxia and hormonal cell signaling pathways is unclear, but such human age-related comorbid diseases do coincide with the middle-aging period of declining sex hormonal signaling. This scoping review evaluates the relevant interdisciplinary evidence to assess the systems biology of function, regulation, and homeostasis in order to discern and decipher the etiology of the connection between hypoxia and hormonal signaling in human age-related comorbid diseases. The hypothesis charts the accumulating evidence to support the development of a hypoxic milieu and oxidative stress-inflammation pathophysiology in middle-aged individuals, as well as the induction of amyloidosis, autophagy, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in aging-related degeneration. Taken together, this new approach and strategy can provide the clarity of concepts and patterns to determine the causes of declining vascularity hemodynamics (blood flow) and physiological oxygenation perfusion (oxygen bioavailability) in relation to oxygen homeostasis and vascularity that cause hypoxia (hypovascularity hypoxia). The middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis could provide the mechanistic interface connecting the endocrine, nitric oxide, and oxygen homeostasis signaling that is closely linked to the progressive conditions of degenerative hypertrophy, atrophy, fibrosis, and neoplasm. An in-depth understanding of these intrinsic biological processes of the developing middle-aged hypoxia could provide potential new strategies for time-dependent therapies in maintaining healthspan for healthy lifestyle aging, medical cost savings, and health system sustainability.

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Perfusion change in benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after castration in a canine model: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography and CT perfusion study

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

The Etiology and Pathophysiology Genesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A New Perspective

Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis

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