“…In an extension of this research, Ponting and McDonald (2013) study how the tourism industry, surf tour providers, and surfers construct the surf-tour space by co-producing myths associated with “nirvana.” While they offer some explanation of how cultural knowledge is created, they do little to examine how tourists assign it to their experiences. This and other research that considers the construction of nature in the nature sports context (Pitches, 2020; Preston-Whyte, 2002; Rickly-Boyd, 2012a) fails to explore culture-in-action (Swidler, 1986) in terms of how the tourist’s cultural knowledge of nature can bring meaning to the experience.…”