Performative Protest and the Lost Contours of Red Power Activism

Hitchmough, Sam

doi:10.1080/14775700.2020.1736459

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…6 According to historian Sam Hitchmough, the Red Power movement can be divided into three waves: an initial phase (from World War II through the late 1960s) during which Indigenous activism focused on decolonization and sovereignty; a second phase of pan-Indigenous protest ; and a final phase (mid-to late 1970s and 1980s) when protests became concerned with multiple issues, such as religious rights, environmentalism, decolonizing museums, repatriation, and so forth. 7 The term Red Power activism has been applied to a wide variety of Indigenous struggles, and it has also been utilized in a myriad of different ways, as historian Bradley Shreve has pointed out. 8 Dependent upon context, "Red Power" can refer to various aspects of nation-building such as self-determination, nationalism, sovereignty, or decolonization.…”

Section: The Red Power Movement and Indigenous Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warrior Women: Indigenous Women, Gender Relations, and Sexual Politics within the American Indian Movement and at Wounded Knee

Voigt

2023

American Indian Culture and Research Journal

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The main purpose of this article is to describe and analyze Indigenous women’sparticipation in the prolonged takeover of Wounded Knee in 1973. Indigenouswomen’s grassroots activism was fundamental for sustaining and keeping the occu-pation alive, yet their contributions were largely eclipsed by the actions of theirmedia-savvy, male comrades-in-arms. What is more important, Indigenous women inthe American Indian Movement (AIM) frequently claimed that they were in a state of“double oppression” or “double colonization”—first, through colonial domination andracial inequality, and second, through male privilege and female subordination—itself,part of the legacy of colonization and the imposition of dominant white patriarchalmasculinity.2 Nationalist struggles such as that of the anticolonial AIM tend to repli-cate the very structures of male dominance that they struggle against. While womenhave been included in public discourse, they have been largely left out of politicaldecision-making.3At Wounded Knee, Indigenous women took on a series of interrelated roles andresponsibilities that kept the occupation alive. Indigenous women skillfully renegoti-ated their gendered position of power within the masculinist organization, constructingfemininities that shifted between domesticated motherhood and female comrades-in-arms. In so doing, they both reaffirmed and challenged sexist and chauvinist attitudes within AIM. They were well known as long-standing community organizers, andtheir active participation at the Wounded Knee takeover was an indication of female empowerment. 

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Section: The Red Power Movement and Indigenous Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warrior Women: Indigenous Women, Gender Relations, and Sexual Politics within the American Indian Movement and at Wounded Knee

Voigt

2023

American Indian Culture and Research Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Performative Protest and the Lost Contours of Red Power Activism

Cited by 1 publication

References 5 publications

Warrior Women: Indigenous Women, Gender Relations, and Sexual Politics within the American Indian Movement and at Wounded Knee

Warrior Women: Indigenous Women, Gender Relations, and Sexual Politics within the American Indian Movement and at Wounded Knee

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