Performance verification of the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) on-board blackbody calibration system

Best, Fred A.; Revercomb, Henry E.; Tobin, David C.; Knuteson, Robert O.; Taylor, Joe K.; Thielman, Donald J.; Adler, Douglas P.; Werner, Mark W.; Ellington, Scott D.; Elwell, John; Scott, Deron; Cantwell, Gregory W.; Bingham, Gail E.; Smith, William L.

doi:10.1117/12.698021

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The OARS design is a derivative of an earlier UW development for NASA's Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS). 8,9 Under the NASA IIP the OARS, with its phase transition cell and Heated Halo technologies was brought from TRL 3 to 6. The concept for using miniature phase transition cells to calibrate imbedded blackbody cavity thermistors is illustrated in Figure 3, which shows a typical transient temperature response (signature) from one of the blackbody cavity thermistors during a gallium (<1 gram) melt event.…”

Section: Key Features Of the Oars And Phase Transition Cell Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results from recent vacuum testing of an on-orbit absolute radiance standard (OARS) intended for the next generation of infrared remote sensing instruments

et al. 2014

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Future NASA infrared remote sensing missions will require better absolute measurement accuracies than now available, and will most certainly rely on the emerging capability to fly SI traceable standards that provide irrefutable absolute measurement accuracy. To establish a CLARRREO-type climate benchmark, instrumentation will need to measure spectrally resolved infrared radiances with an absolute brightness temperature error of better than 0.1 K, verified onorbit. This will require an independent high-emissivity (>0.999) verification blackbody with an emissivity uncertainty of better than 0.06%, an absolute temperature uncertainty of better than 0.045K (3 sigma), and the capability of operation over a wide range of (Earth scene) temperatures. Key elements of an On-Orbit Absolute Radiance Standard (OARS) meeting these stringent requirements have been demonstrated in the laboratory at the University of Wisconsin and have undergone further refinement under funding from NASA's Earth Science and Technology Office, culminating in an endto-end demonstration under vacuum with a prototype climate benchmark instrument. We present the new technologies that underlie the OARS, and the results of testing that demonstrate the required accuracy is being met in a vacuum environment. The underlying technologies include: on-orbit absolute temperature calibration using the transient melt signatures of small quantities (<1g) of reference materials (gallium, water, and mercury) imbedded in the blackbody cavity; and on-orbit cavity spectral emissivity measurement using a carefully baffled heated halo placed in front of the OARS blackbody viewed by the infrared spectrometer system. Emissivity is calculated from the radiance measured from the blackbody combined with the knowledge of key temperatures and radiometric view factors.

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Section: Key Features Of the Oars And Phase Transition Cell Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results from recent vacuum testing of an on-orbit absolute radiance standard (OARS) intended for the next generation of infrared remote sensing instruments

et al. 2014

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“…The accuracy of the reference blackbodies was then chosen to ensure that the instrument measurements that enter into the calibration equation are adequate to meet the overall calibration requirements. The ARI reference blackbodies are based on the UW-SSEC Geostationary Imaging FTS (GIFTS) blackbody design [40,41]. Minor design modifications were made for the OARS, along with the addition of multiple miniature phase-change cells.…”

Section: Radiometric Calibration and Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infrared Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI) for CLARREO

et al. 2020

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The Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI) is an infrared spectrometer designed to serve as an on-orbit radiometric reference with the ultra-high accuracy (better than 0.1 K 3‑σ or k = 3 brightness temperature at scene brightness temperature) needed to optimize measurement of the long-term changes of Earth’s atmosphere and surface. If flown in an orbit that frequently crosses sun-synchronous orbits, ARI could be used to inter-calibrate the international fleet of infrared (IR) hyperspectral sounders to similar measurement accuracy, thereby establishing an observing system capable of achieving sampling biases on high-information-content spectral radiance products that are also < 0.1 K 3‑σ. It has been shown that such a climate observing system with <0.1 K 2‑σ overall accuracy would make it possible to realize times to detect subtle trends of temperature and water vapor distributions that closely match those of an ideal system, given the limit set by the natural variability of the atmosphere. This paper presents the ARI sensor's overall design, the new technologies developed to allow on-orbit verification and test of its accuracy, and the laboratory results that demonstrate its capability. In addition, we describe the techniques and uncertainty estimates for transferring ARI accuracy to operational sounders, providing economical global coverage. Societal challenges posed by climate change suggest that a Pathfinder ARI should be deployed as soon as possible.

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“…The ARI reference blackbodies are based on the UW SSEC Geostationary Imaging FTS (GIFTS) blackbody design [19]. Minor design modifications were made for the OARS, along with the addition of multiple miniature phase-change cells.…”

Section: The Absolute Radiance Interferometer (Ari)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The University of Wisconsin Space Science and Engineering Center Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI): instrument overview and radiometric performance

et al. 2014

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Performance verification of the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) on-board blackbody calibration system

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Results from recent vacuum testing of an on-orbit absolute radiance standard (OARS) intended for the next generation of infrared remote sensing instruments

Results from recent vacuum testing of an on-orbit absolute radiance standard (OARS) intended for the next generation of infrared remote sensing instruments

The Infrared Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI) for CLARREO

The University of Wisconsin Space Science and Engineering Center Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI): instrument overview and radiometric performance

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