Performance under differential outcomes: Contributions of Reward-Specific Expectancies

Holden, John Michael; Overmier, J. Bruce

doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2013.09.001

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…With appropriate parameters, even consummatory contrast can be strongly influenced by cues (Daniel et al, 2008). Without the correct parameters when studies involve extensive training or embed differential action expectancies, the power of cues can diminish (D’Amato et al, 1968: Williams and McDevitt, 2011; Holden and Overmier, 2014). Combining visual cues and the runway task actually led to a diminished negative contrast effect (Binkley et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A series of instrumental actions with the implementation of a cue allows an analysis of reward-proximity on relative reward processing such as incentive contrast. Cues enable the ability to explore expectancies and the relationship between conditioned stimuli and expectations on motivation and learning (Holden and Overmier 2014). Moreover, the design uses the measure of response latency as a novel, possible dependent measure for incentive contrast, and the latencies were obtained from a chain of instrumental responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative reward effects on operant behavior: Incentive contrast, induction and variety effects

Webber

Chambers

Kostek

et al. 2015

Behavioural Processes

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Comparing different rewards automatically produces dynamic relative outcome effects on behavior. Each new outcome exposure is to an updated version evaluated relative to alternatives. Relative reward effects include incentive contrast, positive induction and variety effects. The present study utilized a novel behavioral design to examine relative reward effects on a chain of operant behavior using auditory cues. Incentive contrast is the most often examined effect and focuses on increases or decreases in behavioral performance after value upshifts (positive) or downshifts (negative) relative to another outcome. We examined the impact of comparing two reward outcomes in a repeated measures design with three sessions: a single outcome and a mixed outcome and a final single outcome session. Relative reward effects should be apparent when comparing trials for the identical outcome between the single and mixed session types. An auditory cue triggered a series of operant responses (nosepoke-leverpress-food retrieval), and we measured possible contrast effects for different reward magnitude combinations. We found positive contrast for trials with the greatest magnitude differential but positive induction or variety effects in other combinations. This behavioral task could be useful for analyzing environmental or neurobiological factors involved in reward comparisons, decision-making and choice during instrumental, goal-directed action.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative reward effects on operant behavior: Incentive contrast, induction and variety effects

Webber

Chambers

Kostek

et al. 2015

Behavioural Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, a probe testing procedure was added, similar to that used by Holden and Overmier (2014). The testing procedure contained 96 regular trials plus 16 probe trials for a total of 112 trials per session.…”

Section: Test Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, control over behavior by expectancy is not merely additive to the control by sample memory, but rather supplants it to some extent. In line with this possibility, Holden and Overmier (2014) demonstrated that subjects in a delayed matching-to-sample task (DMTS) trained under DO were unable to employ retrospective memory of the sample to distinguish between a comparison stimulus that had been extensively trained with that sample and a separate comparison stimulus that, while associated with the same outcome as the sample, had never been trained instrumentally with that sample. Such a possibility has also been suggested by recent fMRI studies of memory (Mok, Thomas, Lungu, & Overmier, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Choice behavior under differential outcomes: Sample stimulus control versus expectancy control

Holden

Overmier

2015

Learning and Motivation

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“…El Procedimiento de Consecuencias Diferenciales (PCD) consiste básica-mente en reforzar con consecuencias específicas las respuestas que se emiten ante estímulos diferentes, por lo que la respuesta que se emite ante cada estí-mulo se encuentra relacionada a una consecuencia única o particular (Holden & Overmier, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

El efecto de consecuencias diferenciales: un caso de investigación traslacional

Morfín

Aguirre

2016

Univ Psychol

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r e s u M e n La investigación traslacional representa un esfuerzo por integrar los hallazgos derivados de la investigación básica y aproximarlos al ámbito aplicado. El presente trabajo plantea al área de investigación relativa al Efecto de Consecuencias Diferenciales (ECD) como un caso de investigación traslacional caracterizada por su contribución en el aprendizaje de discriminaciones condicionales. Se realiza una revisión que parte de algunos de los trabajos germinales con animales de laboratorio y que continúa con los primeros estudios con humanos. Posteriormente, se revisan algunos estudios que destacan el potencial de aplicación de los Procedimientos con Consecuencias Diferenciales (PCD) como herramienta para el tratamiento de personas con diversos padecimientos asociados a deficiencias en el aprendizaje y la memoria, así como su empleo en el ámbito educativo en situaciones que implican el aprendizaje de discriminaciones condicionales.Palabras clave investigación traslacional; discriminación condicional; Efecto de Consecuencias Diferenciales; aprendizaje; memoria a b s t r a c t Translational research represents an effort to integrate the results derived from basic research in order to approach them to the applied field. This paper sets out the area of research in regards to the Differential Outcomes Effect (DOE) as a case of translational research, characterized by its contribution to conditional discrimination learning. A revision starting from several germinal works with laboratory animals and that moves into the first studies with humans. Afterwards, some studies that highlight the potential of the application of the Differential Outcomes Procedures (DOP) are revised as a tool for the treatment of persons with several ailments related to learning and memory deficits, as well as their application to the educational field under situations that involve conditional discrimination learning.

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Performance under differential outcomes: Contributions of Reward-Specific Expectancies

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Relative reward effects on operant behavior: Incentive contrast, induction and variety effects

Relative reward effects on operant behavior: Incentive contrast, induction and variety effects

Choice behavior under differential outcomes: Sample stimulus control versus expectancy control

El efecto de consecuencias diferenciales: un caso de investigación traslacional

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