Performance Study of the PC-384 Positron Camera System for Emission Tomography of the Brain

Litton, Jan-Eric; Bergström, Mats; Eriksson, Lars; Bohm, C.; Blomqvist, G.; Kesselberg, M.

doi:10.1097/00004728-198402000-00016

Cited by 125 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…41,42 To achieve comparable results for the two different PET systems, B/Fratios obtained with the Scanditronix 384-7B were multiplied by 1.14 according to a previously published comparative study. 32 To avoid a possible influence from dopamine D3 receptors in the nucleus accumbens the ventral striatum was not included in the region of interest.…”

Section: Positron Emission Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene and their relationships to striatal dopamine receptor density of healthy volunteers

et al. 1999

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The density of striatal dopamine D2 receptors has been shown to vary considerably among healthy subjects. 1This variability might be due to genetic or environmental factors. In the present analysis we searched for relationships between dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) polymorphisms and striatal dopamine D2 receptor density in vivo, as measured by positron emission tomography and [ 11 C]raclopride in 56 healthy subjects. There was a significant association between presence of a putative functional DRD2 promoter allele (−141C Del) and high striatal dopamine receptor density (t = 2.32, P = 0.02). In agreement with some previous studies 2-4 the presence of the DRD2 TaqIA1 allele was associated with measures of low dopamine receptor density (t = 2.58, P = 0.01). Also the DRD2 TaqIB1 allele was associated with low dopamine receptor density (t = 2.58, P = 0.01) wheras there was no significant relationship between another common silent intronic DRD2 short tandem repeat polymorphism (STRP) and striatal dopamine D2 receptor density. The results suggest that DRD2 genotypes may participate differentially in the regulation of striatal dopamine D2 receptor density in healthy human subjects. The results should be interpreted with caution because of the limited sample size.Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used to demonstrate a considerable variability of dopamine D2 receptor density in healthy subjects in vivo.1 This variability has recently been associated with the personality trait Detachment, 5 indicating that dopamine D2 receptor density may have functional importance for personality characteristics in human subjects. A fundamental issue is the extent to which the dopamine D2 receptor variability is due to environmental influences or genetic contributions. A number of environmental influences such as antipsychotic medication, 6 age 7-9 and menstrual phases 10 have been suggested to alter dopamine D2 receptor density. Low dopamine D2 receptor binding in subjects with alcohol, 11,12 cocaine, 13,14 and opiate 15 dependence may suggest that these drugs also have an effect on D2 receptor density. However, the degree to which these factors may alter the receptor density cannot explain the two to threefold variability seen among healthy subjects.1 Animal data suggest a genetic contribution to the variation in dopamine receptor density. Differences in dopamine D2 receptor-binding characteristics between different inbred mice and rat strains have been repeatedly confirmed. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In inbred mice strains a genome-wide search for catalepsy-related genes using a quantitative trait loci approach detected a locus near or at the DRD2.25 Therefore, also in humans several attempts have been performed searching for associations between dopamine D2 receptor polymorphisms and different measures of dopaminergic binding parameters or glucose metabolism in brain regions containing dopaminergic innervation (Table 1).In a recent PET investigation of Finnish healthy individuals the DRD2 TaqIA1 allele, suggeste...

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Section: Positron Emission Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene and their relationships to striatal dopamine receptor density of healthy volunteers

et al. 1999

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“…Subjects also received a CT scan (GE 8800) using the same head holder, which maintained a reference geometry and permitted registration with the PET data. PET scanning was performed with a Scanditronix PC-384 tomograph (Litton, Bergstrom, Eriksson, Bohm, & Blomquist, 1984) during continuous inhalation of 1 5 0 , which efficiently labels HzO. Subjects breathed %-CO2 for 20 min, during which time one of the tasks was performed.…”

Section: Pet Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Mental Imagery Activates Topographically Organized Visual Cortex: PET Investigations

Kosslyn

Alpert

Thompson

et al. 1993

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

583

270

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Cerebral blood flow was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) in three experiments while subjects performed mental imagery or analogous perceptual tasks. In Experiment 1, the subjects either visualized letters in grids and decided whether an X mark would have fallen on each letter if it were actually in the grid, or they saw letters in grids and decided whether an X mark fell on each letter. A region identified as part of area 17 by the Talairach and Tournoux (1988) atlas, in addition to other areas involved in vision, was activated more in the mental imagery task than in the perception task. In Experiment 2, the identical stimuli were presented in imagery and baseline conditions, but subjects were asked to form images only in the imagery condition; the portion of area 17 that was more active in the imagery condition of Experiment 1 was also more activated in imagery than in the baseline condition, as was part of area 18. Subjects also were tested with degraded perceptual stimuli, which caused visual cortex to be activated to the same degree in imagery and perception. In

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“…The relationship between the radioactivity measured by PET and the true radioactivity in the object depends on the positron camera and the size of the object scanned [17], The cross-sectional slice of the rhesus placenta represents a relatively small volume. In the PET image, the thickness of the placenta was measured as 1-2 cm.…”

Section: Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Blood Volume in Placenta of the Rhesus Monkey Measured in vivo by Positron Emission Tomography

Berglund¹,

Lilja

Andersson³

et al. 1991

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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The relative volume of the intervillous space of the placenta of the rhesus monkey was measured in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET), a nonivasive tracer technique. ¹¹CO-Hb and ⁶⁸GaCl₃ were both used in three experiments and ⁶⁸Ga-EDTA in two. The tracers were administered intravenously as bolus doses to 6 pregnant monkeys during 7 different pregnancies. Measurements with ¹¹CO-Hb gave a volume of 48.0% of the total placental volume. Transplacental transfer of ¹¹CO to the fetal circulation is probably a minor problem due to the small fetal blood volume and the prolonged time before the same concentration is reached in the maternal and fetal blood. Measurements with ⁶⁸GaCl₃, which binds to transferrin, gave an intervillous space volume of 55.6% of the placental volume. The concentration of radioactivity in the placenta did not attain a steady state, indicating a clearance of the tracer from the blood only to a small extent. Measurements with ⁶⁸Ga-EDTA displayed a volume of 60.4% of the placental volume. Transplacental transfer and the additional distribution of radioactivity to fetal and maternal extracellular spaces, including the placenta, when ⁶⁸Ga-EDTA was used will make this tracer unsuitable in measurements of the blood volume of the placenta with PET.

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Performance Study of the PC-384 Positron Camera System for Emission Tomography of the Brain

Cited by 125 publications

References 0 publications

Polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene and their relationships to striatal dopamine receptor density of healthy volunteers

Polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene and their relationships to striatal dopamine receptor density of healthy volunteers

Visual Mental Imagery Activates Topographically Organized Visual Cortex: PET Investigations

Maternal Blood Volume in Placenta of the Rhesus Monkey Measured in vivo by Positron Emission Tomography

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