Performance Study of a Wide-Area SiPM Array, ASICs Controlled

González, Antonio J.; Majewski, S.; Barberá, Julio; Conde, P.; Correcher, Carlos; Hernández, L.; Morera, Constant; Vidal, Luis; Sánchez, F.; Stolin, Alexander; Benlloch, J.

doi:10.1109/tns.2014.2359742

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To overcome these constraints, light-sharing and signal multiplexing is normally used. Although the number of readout channels is decreased, signal multiplexing combines the noise of all SiPMs, thus decreasing the performance of detector modules [15-16]. To provide an acceptable trade-off between performance and number of read-out channels, 4 × 4 arrays of SiPMs have been the focus of attempts to resolve crystal arrays with a fine pitch size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Large-Area SiPM Array for PET Applications

Yang

Bai

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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The performance of an 8 × 8 array of 6.0 × 6.0 mm2 (active area) SiPMs was evaluated for PET applications using crystal arrays with different pitch sizes (3.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.35 mm and 1.2 mm) and custom designed five-channel front-end readout electronics (four channels for position information and one channel for timing information). The total area of this SiPM array is 57.4 × 57.4 mm2, and the pitch size is 7.2 mm. It was fabricated using enhanced blue sensitivity SiPMs (MicroFB-60035-SMT) with peak spectral sensitivity at 420 nm. The performance of the SiPM array was characterized by measuring flood histogram decoding quality, energy resolution, timing resolution and saturation at several bias voltages (from 25.0 V to 30.0 V in 0.5 V intervals) and two different temperatures (5 °C and 20 °C). Results show that the best flood histogram was obtained at a bias voltage of 28.0 V and 5 °C and an array of polished LSO crystals with a pitch as small as 1.2 mm can be resolved. No saturation was observed up to a bias voltage of 29.5 V during the experiments, due to adequate light sharing between SiPMs. Energy resolution and timing resolution at 5 °C ranged from 12.7 ± 0.8% to 14.6 ± 1.4 % and 1.58 ± 0.13 ns to 2.50 ± 0.44 ns, for crystal array pitch sizes of 3.4 mm and 1.2 mm respectively. Superior flood histogram quality, energy resolution and timing resolution were obtained with larger crystal array pitch sizes and at lower temperature. Based on our findings, we conclude that this large-area SiPM array can serve as a suitable photodetector for high-resolution small-animal PET or dedicated human brain PET scanners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Large-Area SiPM Array for PET Applications

Yang

Bai

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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“…We have designed a special SiPM array formed by 12x12 SiPMs of 3x3 mm 2 active area (FB-30035, SensL) that covers a total photosensor area of 5x5 cm 2 for gamma ray detection in PET scanners [5]. The SiPM array is read through 3 scalable ASICs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pile-up discrimination method applied to novel gamma-ray detectors based on SiPMs arrays

Barberá

González

Carrilero

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)

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SiPMs-based gamma ray detectors have shown a significant development impulse in recent years due to a number of advantages, namely: good time response, small size, magnetic field immunity and low cost. We have designed a special SiPM array formed by 12x12 SiPMs of 3x3 mm 2 active area (FB-30035, SensL) that covers a total photosensor area of 5x5 cm 2 for gamma ray detection in PET scanners. When thick crystals are considered, pile-up events increase with the scintillation material volume leading to a loss of events and spatial distortions in the image.We have implemented an analogue approach using existing Analogue to Digital Converters (ADC) to provide pile-up information. The method is based on the characterization of the photon energy pulse using two parameters namely the maximum peak value and the area. As long as the pulse shape is preserved we observed that the ratio of the peak signal to the area remains almost constant, independently of the signal amplitude.We have initially tested the method goodness with position sensitive PMTs (H8500, Hamamatsu). The results have shown the feasibility of pile-up event rejection at high rates. Pilot tests with the above-described SiPM array have also showed encouraging results when applying this technique. A case study varying the impact rate and chosen peak to integral ratio will be presented.

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“…The error bars are obtained through the standard deviation of peaks and valleys. Therefore, 1.5 V bias voltage difference does not produce significant changes in the system spatial resolution capabilities [13].…”

Section: B 167 MM Pitch Crystal Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have shown in earlier works the influence of temperature variation on the coincidence resolving time and, on the spatial and energy resolution [13], [14]. Therefore, during measurements, the photosensor blocks were always run at a stable temperature in the range of 18 − 20 • C. Thermal control was via air cooling using Vortex tubes.…”

Section: A Sipm Photosensor Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature variations lower than 0.2 • C were obtained. Although the optimum operational voltage was found to be around 30 V in order to optimize spatial and energy resolution performance when using LYSO scintillators [13], in this work slightly different lower biases have been applied. Nevertheless, 30 V operation bias (app.…”

Section: A Sipm Photosensor Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pilot Studies With BGO Scintillators Coupled to Low-Noise, Large-Area, SiPM Arrays

González

Sánchez

Majewski

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Despite the fact that timing capabilities for devices based on BGO are limited when compared with LYSO or LSO based systems, the cost of BGO is considerably lower and could thus, be an option for devices with high scintillator volumes (as in the case of nuclear medicine scanners), but also in smaller dedicated imagers. Recently, many studies have been carried out in order to determine the potential capabilities of BGO for PET and SPECT applications, where BGO scintillator crystals have been coupled to SiPM photosensor devices. However, so far these studies have only been done on small-size BGO samples. In this work, we have studied three different BGO size configurations, coupled to a 12 × 12 low-noise SiPM array. Each SiPM has an active area of 3 × 3 mm 2 with a pixel pitch of 4.2 mm. A special charge division network providing information for each row and column output of the SiPM array has been used. The first tested BGO configuration has 2.5 mm crystal pixel pitch and 10 mm thickness, while the second makes use of smaller 1.5 mm pixels with 1.67 mm pitch but only 3 mm thick. The third evaluated configuration provided limited photon depth of interaction (DOI) information by using two staggered layers of BGO pixels also with 2.5 mm pitch and with a total thickness of 20 mm. Performances of these configurations in terms of spatial and energy resolutions have been determined. Energy resolution as good as 14.2% was obtained. Our results indicate that single layer crystal arrays with pixel values as low as 1.5 mm or two staggered layers with 2.5 mm pitch are well suited for PET applications, such as low-cost and high performance dedicated PET systems or large systems.

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Performance Study of a Wide-Area SiPM Array, ASICs Controlled

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Characterization of Large-Area SiPM Array for PET Applications

Characterization of Large-Area SiPM Array for PET Applications

Pile-up discrimination method applied to novel gamma-ray detectors based on SiPMs arrays

Pilot Studies With BGO Scintillators Coupled to Low-Noise, Large-Area, SiPM Arrays

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