Performance on the IOWA card task by adolescents and adults

Overman, William H.; Frassrand, Krisha; Ansel, Shi; Trawalter, Sophie; Bies, Britan; Redmond, Alissa

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.03.014

Cited by 178 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Thus, although considerable evidence shows that both the anterior and medial sectors of the OFC/VMPC and DLPC (especially Brodmann's Area 10) continue to develop throughout adolescence, and they are among the last brain regions to mature (Fuster, 2002;Giedd, 2004;Gogtay et al, 2004;Paus, 2005;Spear, 2000), our results are consistent with the notion that difficulty with affective regulation in adolescents cannot be explained by their cognitive intelligence (Steinberg, 2005). Previous studies also indicate that in adolescents, developmental improvements in the IGT performance could not be explained by developmental changes in working memory capacity and inductive reasoning Hooper et al, 2004;Overman et al, 2004). Indeed, adolescents are often capable of explaining reward probabilities, despite making disadvantageous decisions (Crone, Jennings et al, 2004;Crone, Somsen et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…There could be several reasons for these differences, but the most obvious one in this case might be the difference in culture. Although results from the logistic regression model in our study show that gender did not predict binge-drinking in these Chinese adolescents, the topic of gender differences in decision-making, and especially in terms of susceptibility to substance abuse, is an intriguing topic that warrants intensive research as demonstrated by recent findings (Bolla, Eldreth, Matochik, & Cadet, 2004;Overman et al, 2004;Preston, Buchanan, Stansfield, & Bechara, 2007).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

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Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkers

et al. 2008

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The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that adolescent binge drinkers, but not lighter drinkers, would show signs of impairment on tasks of affective decision-making as measured by the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT), when compared to adolescents who never drank.We tested 207 10th grade adolescents in Chengdu City, China, using two versions of the IGT, the original and a variant, in which the reward/punishment contingencies were reversed. This enables one to distinguish among different possibilities of impaired decision-making, such as insensitivity to long-term consequences, or hypersensitivity to reward. Furthermore, we tested working memory capacity using the Self-ordered Pointing Test (SOPT). Paper and pencil questionnaires were used to assess drinking behaviors and school academic performance.Results indicated that relative to never-drinkers, adolescent binge drinkers, but not other (ever, past 30-day) drinkers, showed significantly lower net scores on the original version of the IGT especially in the latter trials. Furthermore, the profiles of behavioral performance from the original and variant versions of the IGT were consistent with a decision-making impairment attributed to hypersensitivity to reward. In addition, working memory and school academic performance revealed no differences between drinkers (at all levels) and never-drinkers. Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for demographic variables, working memory, and school academic performance, the IGT significantly predicted binge-drinking.These findings suggest that a "myopia" for future consequences linked to hypersensitivity to reward is a key characteristic of adolescents with binge-drinking behavior, and that underlying neural mechanisms for this "myopia" for future consequences may serve as a predisposing factor that renders some adolescents more susceptible to future addictive behaviors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkers

et al. 2008

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“…For instance, Segalowitz and Davies (2004) showed that error-related potentials continue to develop in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and orbital/ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (OFC/VLPFC) throughout the second decade of life. Additionally, improved performance on tasks of memory and attention (see review, Casey et al, 2000), as well as decision-making (Overman, Frassrand, Ansel, Trawalter, Bies, Redmond, 2004;Ernst, Grant, London, Contoreggi, Kimes, Spurgeon, 2003;Crone, Bunge, Latenstein, van der Molen, 2005;Hooper, Luciana, Conklin, Yarger, 2004) lends indirect support for continued prefrontal maturation during adolescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural substrates of choice selection in adults and adolescents: Development of the ventrolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices

et al. 2007

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A heightened propensity for risk-taking and poor decision-making underlies the peak morbidity and mortality rates reported during adolescence. Delayed maturation of cortical structures during the adolescent years has been proposed as a possible explanation for this observation. Here, we test the hypothesis of adolescent delayed maturation by using fMRI during a monetary decision-making task that directly examines risk-taking behavior during choice selection. Orbitofrontal/ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (OFC/VLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were examined selectively since both have been implicated in reward-related processes, cognitive control, and resolution of conflicting decisions. Group comparisons revealed greater activation in the OFC/ VLPFC (BA 47) and dorsal ACC (BA 32) in adults than adolescents when making risky selections. Furthermore, reduced activity in these areas correlated with greater risk-taking performance in adolescents and in the combined group. Consistent with predictions, these results suggest that adolescents engage prefrontal regulatory structures to a lesser extent than adults when making risky economic choices.

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“…Among the more serious types of substance use, poly-substance use (i.e., the use of different substances on the same or different occasions- Toumbourou and Catalano, 2005), is particularly important to consider. Adolescent poly-substance use is associated with a number of problematic outcomes, such as adverse psychological and social consequences, particularly for girls (Lex, 1995;Overman et al, 2004), increased delinquent acts for boys (Mason and Windle, 2002), an increased likelihood of developing substance abuse and other mental health problems in adulthood (Newcomb and Felix-Ortiz, 1992;Toumbourou and Catalano, 2005), lower levels of adolescent achievement motivation and adult job-related problems (Mohler-Kuo et al, 2003;Stein et al, 1993), accidental death due to drug overdose (Coffin et al, 2003), suicide (Midanik et al, 2007), high-risk sexual behaviors (Midanik et al, 2007), and substance-related accidents in adulthood .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use outcomes 5½ years past baseline for partnership-based, family-school preventive interventions

Spoth

Randall

Trudeau

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

103

110

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This article reports adolescent substance use outcomes of universal family and school preventive interventions 5½ years past baseline. Participants were 1677 7th grade students from schools (N = 36) randomly assigned to the school-based Life Skills Training plus the Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 10-14 (LST + SFP 10-14), LST-alone, or a control condition. Selfreports were collected at baseline, 6 months later following the interventions, then yearly through the 12th grade. Measures included initiation-alcohol, cigarette, marijuana, and drunkenness, along with a Substance Initiation Index (SII)-and measures of more serious use-frequency of alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use, drunkenness frequency, monthly poly-substance use, and advanced poly-substance use. Analyses ruled out differential attrition. For all substance initiation outcomes, one or both intervention groups showed significant, positive point-in-time differences at 12th grade and/or significant growth trajectory outcomes when compared with the control group. Although no main effects for the more serious substance use outcomes were observed, a higher-risk subsample demonstrated significant, positive 12th grade point-in-time and/or growth trajectory outcomes for one or both intervention groups on all measures. The observed pattern of results likely reflects a combination of predispositions of the higher-risk subsample, the timing of the interventions, and baseline differences between experimental conditions favoring the control group.

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Performance on the IOWA card task by adolescents and adults

Cited by 178 publications

References 51 publications

Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkers

Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkers

Neural substrates of choice selection in adults and adolescents: Development of the ventrolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices

Substance use outcomes 5½ years past baseline for partnership-based, family-school preventive interventions

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