Performance on Cognitive Broadcasting Networks Employing Fountain Codes and Maximal Ratio Transmission

Abstract

The comprehensive performance of cognitive broadcasting networks employing Fountain codes (FC) and maximal ratio transmission (MRT) is investigated in the present paper. More precisely, the secondary transmitter (ST) employs Fountain code to effectively broadcast a common message such as a safety warning, security news, etc., to all secondary receivers (SRs) via underlay protocol of cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Different from works in the literature that are interested in studying the outage probability (OP), and the ergodic capacity of the CRNs. The present paper, on the other hand, focuses on the characteristics of the number of needed time slots to successfully deliver such a message. Particularly, we derive in closed-form expressions the cumulative distribution function (CDF), the probability mass function (PMF), and the average number of the required time slot to broadcast the message to all SRs. Additionally, we also provide the throughput of secondary networks (SNs). We point out the impact of some key parameters, i.e., the number of SRs and the number of transmit antennae at the secondary transmitter, on the performance of these considered metrics. Numerical results via the Monte-Carlo method are given to verify the accuracy of the derived framework as well as to highlight the influences of some essential parameters. Furthermore, we also compare the performance of the proposed networks with state-of-the-art and simulation results unveiling that the considered system consistently outperforms works in the literature.

Measurement and Analysis of 4G/5G Mobile Signal Coverage in a Heavy Industry Environment

“…The Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) [ 30 ] of server responses measured at two different places is shown in Figure 11 . From the perspective of system response, i.e., the time it takes for the measurement packet to travel from the device to the server and back, it can be observed that there were no fluctuations.…”

On the Security and Reliability Trade-off of the Satellite Terrestrial Networks with Fountain Codes and Friendly Jamming

“…The performance of the satellite-terrestrial networks, relaying networks, and Fountain codes-based networks were broadly addressed in [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. More precisely, Guo and other authors in [5] studied the performance of the two-way satellite-high altitude platform (HAP)terrestrial networks with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA).…”

“…On the other hand, the performance of the multi-hop with Fountain codes was given in [10] but the authors do not examine the satellite communications. The performance of the broadcast networks in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) with transmit and receive diversity techniques was examined in [11][12][13]. More precisely, they derived the cumulative distribution function (CDF), probability density function (PDF), and the average number of required time slots to broadcast a message to an arbitrary number of secondary receivers (SRs) in the closed-form expressions.…”