Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats Fed N-treated Source and Forage Supplemented Cassava Peels in Humid Cross River State, Nigeria

Kalio, G. A.

doi:10.9734/ajea/2014/6972

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The proximate composition of forage supplemented and N-treated cassava peels for the study is similar to those reported by Kalio et al (2014) in their study while investigating the performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats fed N-treated source and forage supplemented cassava peels in humid Cross River State, Nigeria.…”

Section: Proximate Composition Of Experimental Dietssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Consequently, there is also the need to upgrade the feeding value of these crop by-products by interfering with the protective effect of lignin on the availability of the substrate to the rumen bacteria or to hydrolytic enzymes (Preston and Leng, 1986). This process can be enhanced by using simple inexpensive processes such as treatment with nonprotein nitrogenous (NPN) sources like urea and broiler litter or supplementation with nitrogenous forages such as cassava and sweet potato leaves that could increase the utilization of these crop by-products through digestibility trials (Kalio et al, 2014). However, there is little information on in vitro ruminal gas production by small ruminants fed unconventional nitrogen treated or forage supplemented cassava peels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro gas production from cassava peels supplemented with unconventional nitrogen sources and forages by small ruminants

Kalio¹

2019

J. Anim. Sci. Vet. Med.

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A study was conducted to ascertain the nutritional value of N-source treated and forage supplemented cassava peels (CSP) using in vitro gas production technique. Cassava peels were treated and supplemented with materials rich in nitrogen: fertilizer grade urea (T1 = CSP + U), broiler litter (T2 = CSP + BL), cassava forage (T3 = CSP + CSF) and sweet potato forage (T4 = CSP + SPF). Results revealed that, CSP supplemented with CSF (T3) and SPF (T4) recorded better gas production (31.90 and 32.20 mL/200 mg DM), metabolizable energy (ME) (7.54 and 7.67 MJ/kg DM), and organic matter digestibility (OMD) (52.02 and 52.80%), respectively. Similarly, the estimated short chain fatty acids (SCFA) revealed higher values of 0.70 and 0.71 µM, respectively, for cassava and sweet potato forage supplementation compared to those fed urea and broiler litter-treated cassava peels. The superiority exhibited by the forage supplemented cassava peel diets for meeting the ME levels, SCFAs and OMD reveals that, cassava peels supplemented with either cassava leaves or sweet potato forage are valuable sources of nutrients for sheep and goats in terms of meeting their energy requirements for maintenance and part or all their milk production needs depending on the level of productivity.

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Section: Proximate Composition Of Experimental Dietssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro gas production from cassava peels supplemented with unconventional nitrogen sources and forages by small ruminants

Kalio¹

2019

J. Anim. Sci. Vet. Med.

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“…The high Ether Extract (EE) contents (9 and 12) of the diets observed in this study could be attributed to the relative content of oil in Palm kernel cake contained in the diets (Kalio et al, 2014). The EE content in this experiment was above the range of fat 2 and 13% reported elsewhere Ogunkunle, 2015 andAmata andLebari, 2011) for chemical composition, mineral profile and phytochemical properties of common feed resources used for small ruminant animal production in South-West, Nigeria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Influence of dietary mineral sources on milk yield and composition of West African Dwarf Does

Olaniyi¹,

Aina²,

Sowande³

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Sci. Pract.

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This study investigated the effects of different mineral nutrient sources (local potash ("kaun"), mineral lick and ruminant mineral premix) on milk yield and composition of West African Dwarf does. Twelve WAD goats (first parity does), weighing between 13.00±3.79 and 14.33±4.83 kg, were divided into four groups with three does per treatment; 0% mineral (0MC), 2% local potash (2LP), mineral lick (2ML) and mineral ruminant premix (2RMP). The experiment lasted for 180 days (150 days pregnancy, 30 days milk collection). Data collected on the milk yield and milk composition of WAD does were analysed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), significant means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. Result revealed that for total milk yield and daily milk yield, does in 2ML (5919.67 millilitre/animal, 197.32 millilitre/animal/day), 2LP (5852.00 millilitre/animal, 195.07 millilitre/animal/day) and 2RMP (5131.00 millilitre/animal, 171.03 millilitre/animal/day) had the highest (p<0.05) values with 0MC (1642.67 millilitre/animal, 54.76 millilitre/animal/day) having the least values. For colostrum lactose, 2RMP (4.33±0.15%) and 2PLP (4.10±0.21%) had the highest (p<0.05) values followed by 0MC (3.97±0.27%) and 2ML (3.30±0.25%). While, in milk total solid, 0MC (11.40±0.35%) had the highest (p<0.05) value followed by 2ML (10.43±1.03%) and 2RMP (9.87±0.32%) with 2LP (8.93±0.43%) having the least values. The study concluded that for high milk yield, diets containing 2ML could be fed to does.

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“…Similarly, the trend in the increase of the ADF contents of the diets were observed because of the additive or contributory effects of the ADF contents of the supplemental non-conventional (TCP, TPP and TYP) and conventional (TM) energy based feed stuffs used for formulating the experimental diets. Thus the increase in the ADF contents of TCP supplemented diet for instance, may be attributed to the higher ADF contents of TCP (31.50%) (Kalio, et al, 2014). Conversely, the Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) contents of the experimental diets were not significantly (P > 0.05) different.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…A trend in the increase of the CP contents of the diets were observed because of the additive or contributory effects of the CP contents of the supplemental conventional (TM) and non-conventional (TCP, TPP and TYP) energy based feed stuffs used for formulating the experimental diets. Thus the increase in the CP contents of TPP supplemented diet for instance, may be attributed to the higher CP contents of TPP (7.37%) (Kalio, et al, 2014). The experimental diets comprised of a mixture of concentrates (conventional and non-conventional feed stuffs) in a roughage (fibre) base of Panicum maximum perennial grass in a ratio of 40%:60% respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolizable Energy and Digestibility Estimates of mixed Diets of Crop By-Products as Readily Available Feeds for Small Ruminants

Kalio¹

2017

GJAS

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The Metabolizable energy and digestibility estimates of mixed rations containing crop by-products as feeds for small ruminants was investigated using the in vitro gas production technique. Four concentrate feed mixtures of maize (TM), Cassava peel (TCP), Plantain peel (TPP) and Yam peel (TYP) in a roughage base of Panicum maximum in the ratio of 40%: 60% was formulated as potential readily available diets for small ruminants. Results reveal that the TCP supplemented energy based diets possess a higher ME value than the ME values for the plantain peel TPP, TM and TYP supplemented diets. The ME values recorded for TCP and TPP were within the recommended ME values for an average diet (6 -13 MJ/kg/DM); hence can fulfill the energy requirements for small ruminants when utilized. Similarly, the TYP and TPP treatment groups recorded the highest value of SCFAs, hence being a major source of energy as well as a building block for milk synthesis. The diet containing TCP recorded the highest organic matter digestibility (OMD) after 24 hours of incubation. It is therefore recommended that non-conventional feedstuffs such as crop by-products could be better substitutes as energy sources in sheep and goat diets on account of their nutritional value in terms of metabolizable energy (ME), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) as well as their ready availability and predominance, cheapness and better economic gains to small ruminant farmers..

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Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats Fed N-treated Source and Forage Supplemented Cassava Peels in Humid Cross River State, Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

In vitro gas production from cassava peels supplemented with unconventional nitrogen sources and forages by small ruminants

In vitro gas production from cassava peels supplemented with unconventional nitrogen sources and forages by small ruminants

Influence of dietary mineral sources on milk yield and composition of West African Dwarf Does

Metabolizable Energy and Digestibility Estimates of mixed Diets of Crop By-Products as Readily Available Feeds for Small Ruminants

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