Performance of Trichoderma harzianum on Striga hermonthica and Sorghum Bicolor Growth

Abstract

to examine the efficacy of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, culture age, inoculum type, application time, fungal extract, compost and bacterial strain on Striga hermonthica germination and sorghum infestation. The highest significant (P≤0.05) inhibition on S. hermonthica germination was obtained at 10 days by T. harzianum culture as compared to both controls. Application of all T. harzianum aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts concentrations significantly (P≤0.05) reduced S. hermonthica seed germination as compared to the corresponding control. T. harzianum inoculum extracted by ethyl acetate reduced germination by 97%. T. harzianum aqueous 100% induced germination during conditioning by 64 % in response to GR24 (0.1ppm). All types of T. harzianum inoculum (Autoclaved, culture and filtrate) significantly (P≤0.05) reduced germination, with application of T. harzianum culture filtrate gave the highest reduction on germination as compared to control and other inoculums. Application of the 3 inoculums at 2 hours reduced germination percentage more than at 4 hours. Filtrate and culture inoculums at 2 hours reduced germination by 79 and 68%, respectively. The combination of compost 100%+ T. harzianum + BMP+Flavobacterium reduced germination by 68%. The greenhouse results showed that the combination of compost plus BMP+ Flavobacterium gave lowest number of S. hermonthica emergence and the highest sorghum plant height. The combinations of compost with T. harzianum and with BMP+ Flavobacterium significantly reduced S. hermonthica dry weight, increased sorghum shoot and root dry weight insignificantly as compared to the control.

The activity of Trichoderma spp. culture filtrate to control Phelipanche aegyptiaca infection in tomato

“…In the study of El-Mougy (2007, 2009) to control O. ramosa in tomato, pea and faba bean fields, significant reductions in disease incidence (percentage of visual flowering stalks of Orobanche around the host plants) and intensity (their numbers attached to the roots of host plants) of O. ramosa infection were observed with a combination of mycoherbicide (T. harzianum T1 and T3 and T. viride T2) and herbicide (glyphosate) treatments. In other studies, the use of combinations of microbial isolates was more effective (Hassan et al 2019;El-Dabaa and Abd-El--Khair 2020). Since an integrated and sustained management plan consisting of multiple control methods acting on different broomrape life stages is well suited to address the broomrape weed problem long term (Fernández-Aparicio et al 2016), and considering our results, it is possible that a combination of foliar spray with Trichoderma metabolites (T. virens T33, three times) followed by soil drench at the planting site (T. brevicompactum T66) may be a better way to control P. aegyptiaca infection and severity on tomato.…”

“…strains on control of P. aegyptiaca infection in tomato plants. We chose culture filtrates of Trichoderma strains because based on a series of in vitro and greenhouse experiments conducted by Hassan et al (2019) to study the effectiveness of the fungus T. harzianum on Striga hermonthica germination and sorghum infestation, various kinds of T. harzianum inoculum (autoclaved, culture, and filtrate) significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced germination rates, but germination rates were minimized using T. harzianum culture filtrate compared to control and other inocula.…”

Safe methods as alternative approaches to chemical herbicides for controlling parasitic weeds associated with nutritional crops: a review

“…Hassan et al [36] tested the different efficacy parameters of the fungus T. harzianum as culture age, inoculum type, application time and fungal extract, for controlling the germination of S. hermonthica infestating sorghum. The significant inhibition of S. hermonthica germination was obtained after 10 days by T. harzianum culture.…”

“…All types of T. harzianum inoculums in all inoculation types (Autoclaved, culture and filtrate) significantly (P≤0.05) reduced the germination of S. hermonthica seeds. Moreover, The combinations of compost with T. harzianum and with BMP+ Flavobacterium significantly reduced S. hermonthica dry weight, increased sorghum shoot and root dry weight insignificantly [36]. The management of Cuscuta campestris parasite was found to be very difficult due to many factors like; their complicated relationship with the host, wide host range and lack of resistant genes in the host.…”